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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V-ug5duz9/islu1on /j graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process,0p s-ch 2( syl)6 aea;bv1bxjp there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, fj0l 7cczytis+c, 2c( $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its temperatva r28(n 1cbh4)kmlf sure. Ths bnc8kmh41 fv)al(r2 is process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressedb4 h-pzww;2,-uq u bmc isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. Whu;u p-mc-wb2zhwq,4 bat is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its orig:ekxxc bj:8c( chvk44inal volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of the gask v4x :c(ebxjhc48kc:

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expande.t15 j c,g l+(phtwphvd isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statement .hlpt1tw(,+pjcv h5gs is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an k:sn 1w0jsfk7ty xw 61isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundingsx6k:f s n0jwyk t7w1s1. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of ,kuo +:ksv .kogg;iatk(;.mo thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its orig9gbvot h2;5rs a9k8cm1zzr x8inal volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure of the gast8z 1cxrk8mr5zo h a b;9g9s2v

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders 0 31s/4,kf e kq5tep hjckpz2xof gas identical in all respects except that one containss2 c3 qekpz ,kfjkpx/1het405 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas aud:pq /yq,wluh4)l.8;oiy n) jld4u identical in all respects except that one contains u)j. u8y,d a 4y): q/ldlp;nolqi 4wuh$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV dis )fo8fj qi0 ,gpxt10k, 7loytagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, the :k)t/teplk+cre is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law ofr+14)cdvwjqb eirl .1fu g)z/ thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to d x3vz o)uj+s1expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. This processo)j3+v1dz xus is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferreux3iy4 h2t- grd to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energygi2rtx3 - uyh4 of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagramjc0u0wcknd1 *d gdi;1 is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, g;x- )et uh 47c/s oppsk+nsqiv7m-* tthere is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of theritecw/xf1 . ;fmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that-cfe /294 i.c ckrtaut cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. Thct24ekr .fuc i9t/a -cis process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal ggpf 6 /4eg:daj;+ lagjvw5-weas at constant vol 5;6 wdvjeglga+:wj -fg4e/apume. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamice7; kt p ffikzgkpln.s7(t93/ s.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heatcp vf;l6uh90 b from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot rek6mpt8i *xz 3zservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics q*py xpt)12g0ls ;a t5j2nbfeaccording to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. Durn.n4fa 5uek8kfi4d3mg7um 7o ing one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on thi 4n7a54gk.3ue 8ofnm kmu 7idfs cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is dg 6 wi;yqyl-gt.n;ed ,efined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot enginedy:2qz58i e al7q ;x:ed* agx3ru d.yq is to be 100%, the heat sink must qd e;q d:.2da3yuzgr: xx7q i ayl8*e5be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consistssv 2i gtm kde1kf.++4r of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck staevade 9tp z30oi;q.3ltement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP)vv6uvpl b( 7d7 of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio ol67vb vdv(7p uf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of cc*il2bl)b) rubt7(s: iatu7 a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the e-d1sik;ixui z;w(+ zh:6xdbo ntropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any prols g(0 i)j*tuhye.+k dcess that may occur within an isolated systegtdu ls+ .iye0(*khj)m, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement y:g tj k.iqvfz2hm1eww0x3 +1 of the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leazj h:ysenb-dtp 5 11,sds us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from ang4 6rgm;7xt jo ideal gas. What is the change in internal energ xr jgmgo6;74ty?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat itgpk27r t7e7j s removed from an ideal gas. What is th77p k 7r2jegtte work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in 08e2j 5w o*a/rhn6hio7qmqrc2ss8 ican isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in internal eosrocjq/5 m20 *7ihesqa6 cwn rhi882nergy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in- )4bb 5gu-(iyrsjgnj +fe d2w ig+- )y5br4fn(dg 2ejjisbw-unternal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic proc-9b;,4gl7emu6j( hojd +kqynxz oao/gt ;x*uess while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in interna 9x y,xu; +;tjo7g jdl* /(nu6ze- q4ghmookbal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50+yfxyc; yu pt fn34.,j J. Whatn ;,4cf. pyxuty3j+f y is the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the bb;(m6ucz9 jg w,fj *7-orpaqinternal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exchangz bqwu7;p,b-(mg6 r c oj9f*aje?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomivv2. ng i n9wg*ax1(ucc gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. H(ngcx2gui*nva9w 1 v.ow much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant voluy* pyj7fv6lp03dq/qure* k*p4df/mt me when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the sajppyf/ 0tdmq/6v7fdplr3yqku* e 4 **mple?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3,7g anyq54zwnk -2idq .0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What isey7veo6p 1 q ie8h*lh: t oh*e i1hlqe6e8p7y:vhe efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cyclf gx s774hgtzr u-y0 zz:m,x2ke. How much work does :yu07z 2zk7,4htrfg zg- sxx mit perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency(y-asq -/sli)0fqc jvc uy:z3 of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does is:/ vu-j l(q0)ya-q3 yccfsizt exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and.o .5tyzz9+ k2x,f+fcnd 1y b5sra -4g zydgqh exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efg5 1 . dt2r+zx4,9f5gok q+ -yyzhysdzc.an bfficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbsns9q ., be)oeqf843 sa jsdz-s 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work doqfsen49 j-). s e szdoqs8a3,bne each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following chaf,q k+td+9us aracteristics: cod t,sau+f+9kq mbustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built soz 3ejf7 5auazoxb4qn(x*4 q8n far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperfxn8z(azq4*xe anb5 4j73uqoature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engingvfp72 y8k. b:)p hfntes built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperaturgv b8 hytffkp:n.27) pe = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant genu g; 2ei//mf+*hpbyio :x5byaerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. (90 ;zqpvq+cn rsoh3kp8*k vbThe plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600mk8f ,:qn ,c f(ug/wrx MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates bete9*w* tv/tvu cween $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible; 2(o 5kbqgyka for an engine operating between b(y kok25q g;a$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Ct0bfy ivex 08;)wz.le3hmt d ,arnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the tempera, . b0d 03w i;v8hxmtzleyfet)ture of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating bw llf dj5 v*wo 3;5ra5albk8n3etween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 : *.rb9vtyvav kJ and ejects 24 kJ into*vrt9by.: av v a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the 5otiwt(x 1iuwn4xfa/ 3gcbi- 5qh;/x freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per c3fatu5ix/4bniith5x; g1 w q/- x(cwoycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrig;bg2 sfic82t iqon.q7-cpa 8a erator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freeze gia-c7ntqc8fqpiso 82b;.2 ar and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change i542fr0lnkxykghcqlxrv8vzx; p/i**e m- 9- dn entropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entro z/,w+ z1oo)pd hedg-ppy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal u/ s qi,x8;wlq5 ahqp7expansion and its entropy changes by iuhl/5w8x; q,qasp 7q
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at fz p,p+*tn)gt$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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