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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autoconfig.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autoconfig.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the d86bkipa/ kxjg+e v* 8T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no changeh8) f6f bv0c; serjfu2 in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynan)dtvc3( z1tf e*(ladmics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twicerl;bqbdrp*7-8ns7 a+ yct 2mh its original volume with no change in its temperature. This b+ ac-py r2;ndq78 tmb7lhr*sprocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed 9bc1kx:o0sc6 q-tcho isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gb6ccx qtko19sh- 0:coas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half it py u*c)w- d,/q/ngersw 3;xcrs original volume during an isothermal processc3sn;y-er rw q ,xu/d/cw )p*g. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. 5jh b-yn5 52vzrbvss+During this process, 6 J of ene+5bb r 2vhv5j5 sysn-zrgy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed ink*u;bqhw7za * an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. Tawbq*hk7z*; u his process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamii:x2 zusw 1n5qnk8 m(gcs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volumekhdy6e8a :t, wp5e,im during an adiabatic pp, weith:8 m6y5k,eadrocess. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinderuc.ms :7oui2w 7nr;z)gkc4k4 yd e,d rs of gas identical in all respects except that one contains yecr4 r7;.s)z,m dcdk 4 u ng7u:i2wok$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all res p i8,6,u,nki pgtw3ltd(m p9cpects except that one containsucp,km,wd3tp9tg 8 lpn( i,6i $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV o/(pxe o;sd)pdiagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is nota ld8:;up w.q change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicsuw(- ywi e mwki,42pd4, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressur yj+1n)ei mmdq apt-)+e as heat is added to it. This process in pye jd)mat++1miq) -s

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energ;8zeh 3fah5cj h8(c )fzjl*k xy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy o;z3( fjhh)fe*j 8xkch 5la8zcf the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram ibw g-5eojknyb+k14 5qs


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no chanm92le60eas ivh4p 4uxge in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamh,r pcg/ i+im.ics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy isppk y;u:y n9*t added to it. This procey9 :ptn*;upky ss is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred tonzbtc r f);o .e8(snh* a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the inr*hz n( bet8)sof.nc;ternal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodyna :jfk6:b.blc zl +b+camics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reserv*tdnw*v6 u tvucmr m.(++ e,aaoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold y-whvtfeeq cm+.6 f9 t.;: bpkreservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clqezn 9;by9 qu8ausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated( s aj51ujbi o17 26 wmoku/q8gc.xnlg here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on this cycle? iu 76g /qw5go1o2u1 mljnasb8cxjk(.


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the rativj5curb7/ qt9o of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot. 1 xllmn9 q78fqpedc) engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must be)p1f .9lendcxlq78qm

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consisb 8(sjotmi;bm;+ zg6dts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second lare47w+ wgrte*b9bvyxqb1y, +d7 n f.i w of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as thxg ,a v3 ytmm; 2tiok92udg6n2e ratio of22xtkd v a6un;mog 9imt ,2y3g

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratil9pb/e3j g :gib9 w-rio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the watepyvnrpzf;* mcv;* kodyk36g**o7 h m767lo ior

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of tut 5yi:b2:zqjv0:zya hermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which on 0aut q:: :by25yivjzze of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the seco-cv2c fp;en yf9d n9*bnd law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads p3,)t vi0zo ihus to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from(.o(mwqwot;xya jwv*8 /s6 ja an ideal gas. What is the change in in. j/6;(wsq ayjoa*(t mwxovw8ternal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal proceslh qt75rye/u:./q wxudqg0u 7s, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is th7/q0.uq :u lhug/ xw75qdtye re work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. axpzo6jbvi.+kno *u+t 8y 9. a What is the ch* ja. okb nzxi.+ty6v+uo8p a9ange in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the changr+fq:b- oe ,ole in in eqfo l,b:or+-ternal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work ka+302t1 hv uwfko(hh+dq 8em. What is the change in internal 3efa1v0 hq+8hmkdhuw (2 ot+ kenergy?

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本习题练习题目来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)，学生可刷题练习，扫右侧二维码或加微信skysky1258，获取更多资料
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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 5tld n ci*:.yzaq, (o-p0 J. What is the work donetizn(dc l:-a y,*po. q?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system de vj:r+) ntu2;sbl7e xncreases by 50 J. What is the rbv;+ t2 :es7xnnuj )lheat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at const-m6v 4niz.rfoant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gasv4fm- .o z6rni?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 83b9x6.os) 0 qoj9dzfx ;uo0fjc1 J of energy is removed from it. How mafo 0zx06bx9us9fo oc dj;q)j .ny moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of *al-apew l (uf/yd ,d*water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receivg9y)7j 8p zcuues 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the eff9y7j ) zcgu8puiciency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0)vom j mx)peo:fi.6:5 ov:bkz% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perfome5: :6)xfoovojb z:i.vpk ) mrm in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and re7*l:9q ng 4 ,hzvp- w3+coxxzt(r acwlceives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it ecpthwx+l:zv, 9 7or3n*l4w(azgq-c x xhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat eacouoj i :y)vd.o)vmk0 qe8m31rh cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiq3 or d ) i:.jumkvo08mo)1vyeency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exha tr5zzq:3g(a yusts 42 kcal. Calculate thr(t35a:gyq zz e work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient eng.g08kb svbvm m: ,2ayeines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion2 vbye:0 vm.8g msba,k chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient enginezpg 8jp1 3q17wqkpc9yfrl 9.v s built so far has the following characteristics: combu .97 yr1zg1p3vkq8p9lpfcqw j stion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has theynt o9t6.z+ik/h)xzknx7 hw 5 following characteristics: combustion chamber tempewn6o./k95nhxx 7+tky) hzi ztrature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gv4y4wivpi + tnf+5zed 5u +7psenerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power5f6w rg 2ax9do7:j-1bysjo xq . The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant get.q1n 0bs4kaznerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of anlg-a5 hihvk/6s07s nrp 5h4xa engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficie pvp.b-pxk+8 +svmv8n 2x1hjency possible for an engine operating betweenb2 +x.vn-sv jv1pm p8xk8 h+ep $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What ifg59xt.n pga 4nrs3:ws the temperature of the cold reservoirr .p3wg9a54sg :ntfnx if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwerfg-q (f0k6,aek p 0decs4x.z en $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heatzotd.:2v8f(.erm:hew5fe c g xdb42m from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into 2 (dg .:. dxebweh omc: 8fzm4vtf25era room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20i ggoch we2,55)rz9i v kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What ic 5v eho,2g) 5z9iiwrgs the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat fr9 x0htyj7a1 nj/9 roolom the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycleojx1j 9yo/l0t9rah 7n?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g o k3es* nyt;gad j4tocx62fgzi5-;3 fof ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, thesl1vzfu(n k(/e+ .b +jjph gp) change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal g 727z4 o4wzzdkmp1xdz as at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy chzz7 1dzd4z 7kp 2x4owmanges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at ha j/kb7we +c($80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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