Which of Newton's laws best expz0dsf c p03qj,lains why motorists should buckle-up?

  When you sit on a chair, the resultasvmwe/gz3 n*.e5 grq,nt force on you is

  In the absence of an exterq*wbxipp ( .+s: z;vurnal force, a moving object will

  When the rocket engines on the starship NO-PAIN-NO-GAIN are suddenly t hal k4zew4;l g*)+do1a hy4txurned off, while traveling in ekewz)ldto4a;yh 1* h+a g4 lx4mpty space, the starship will

  A rocket moves through empty spap v)uvz4tee)k7 ps;xn:gx85qc0fb h0ce in a straight line with constant speed. It is far from bu:4ek vhxpe05 87 vcsntqp;xfg 0))zthe gravitational effect of any star or planet. Under these conditions, the force that must be applied to the rocket in order to sustain its motion is

  You are standing in lrg,7j ,s j synbzl,1)ygj(h/a moving bus, facing forward, and you suddenly fall forward. You can imply from this that the 7,hg(ll y ,jy,gr nz 1s)s/jbjbus's

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing forwa(3k8eu l h)r wvj-1dkgrd, and you suddenly fall forward as the bus comes to an immediate stop. What force caused you to fall forwar d1-)rhew8vulk3k (gjd?

  A constant net force a wyfn *:*ico1-2-b5c7sx z pgf c0jrulcts on an object. Describe the motion of the object.

  The acceleration of an object is inversely pgvgiyr)8cjo o/c0: )r4rh-a x a wi8p4roportional to

  A net force F accelerates a+ 57zgu7 p3ojh gpk7zo mass m with an acceleration a. If the same net force is applied to mass 2m, then gj k+p zop75z773hou gthe acceleration will be

  A net force F acts on a mass m and produces an acceleration a. What accelevu9 r+ qb5nqp1ration resu5rvq 91bnpq+u lts if a net force 2F acts on mass 4m?

  If you blow up a balloon, and then release it, the balld i1niz+1vq 20+gwyhr2q b-z poon will fly away. This is an illustid0np wzb qh qig2r11+2vy+-z ration of

  Two cars collide head-on. drq7v v4lv 8uuce*2+e At every moment during the collision, the magnitude of the force the first car exerts on the second is exactly equal to+ rvec 2*eqv luu7d48v the magnitude of the force the second car exerts on the first. This is an example of

  If you exert a force F on an object, the f,vsz 4o,+m sz6hfa;izorce which the object exerts on you will6sf ;h,+viazzzo4m s,

  Action-reaction forcjl;w ljx5 3g+yes

  Action-reaction forcexcz)cxzl2 w jd+r2cc4 nj9x7 :s are

  A 20-ton truck collides with a 1500-lb cb0o3whl3h+b yar and causes a lot of damage to the carby0 +b3o wlhh3. Since a lot of damage is done on the car

  An object of mass m sits on a flat table. The Earth pulls on this object with f9*gynp +e./bhygj-m y c99un qorce g.g+9y h/p 9ye un*jm9cb-qyn mg, which we will call the action force. What is the reaction force?

  A child's toy is suspended from the ceiling qm.f6k3 u cqy;o +7gsuby means of a string. The Earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0 N. If this is the "action +umq.sy6fu7 3 q o;ckgforce," what is the "reaction force"?

  Your bat hits the ball pitched to you with a 1500-N instantans0lovj :lm *rftw5,z5 eous force. The ball hits the bat with an i5r j:sf0ol* zv mw,5ltnstantaneous force, whose magnitude is

State Newton's three-ghx( dhfaqwt :cd650 laws.

  Mass and weight

  The acceleration due to gravity is lower on the z 1qo g+eu(*bhMoon than on Earth. Which of the following is true about the mass and weight of an astronaut on the Moon's surface, comp zg1 *q+oh(eubared to Earth?

  An example of a force which acts at a distance is2( /yp2/pl3g iurtkze

  Who has a greater weighpefwa358bxt:8x)u sw t to mass ratio, a person weighing 400 N or a person weigh pe s53uxf)at 8wb:w8xing 600 N?

  A stone is thrown straight up. At the top of itw:xm l5u c:xn4ls 6r4gs path, the net force acting on itrgcu w4m6x 5: sx:l4nl is

  A 20-N weight and a 5o7swr m5t*7vx .0-N weight are dropped simultaneously from the same height. Ignore air resistance. Compare thetx77rv5osm* wir accelerations.

  A brick and a feather farj vrtp 106 y,*dg 9hm;,vmxpcl fm;q85t9xgall to the earth at their respective terminal velocities. Which object experiences the greater force of air fricp *qcl m;69d jfa ;r5,1 08mgph,xmgyrtt 9xvvtion?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from tknj8z mrvs//z ,d6w nog/r;;r he ceiling of an elevator. The elevator is moving up a6jw /z on8,snd ; /grzrrmv/k;t constant speed. What is the tension in the string?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from the ceiling of an elevator. Ths( j( 3e*l1pbhkde5b, sjeyw2-g .txbe elevator is moving upward, but slowing doww dhx1(b.kgp je-5eylts2 bj ( e,3*sbn. What is the tension in the string?

  The force that keeps you from slz4 ,6fa-ez.6 h zdrf7cw qa1 idow2t c9j6tz,ziding on an icy sidewalk is

  It's more difficult to start movinga(9 ozjda2y-w a heavy carton from rest than it is to keep pushing it with constant velocity,-2(zaoa yjwd 9 because

  A horizontal force accelerates a box from rest across a horizontal surfap w;g/6 zscinxex r;,*:+qnocce (friction is present) at a constant rate. The experiment is repeated, and alnw*n:z6x pxc/or ie +,g;s q;cl conditions remain the same with the exception that the horizontal force is doubled. What happens to the box's acceleration?

  A packing crate slides dowuxm6kp,sk4 /xl ) e3icn an inclined ramp at constant velocity. Thus we can deduce thatx64 3e/u ilkxks) c,mp

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane ilkucde+zq)f6n14 j3; b8wadi nclined at an angle q with the horizontal. The normz8)6 ;n+1kibduef d3lawj 4qcal reaction force exerted by the plane on the block is

  A block of mass M slidesl sm)cwrl) a/l*e8/ ir down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle q with the horizontal. The/)r) *ll/ai r8sce lmw normal reaction force exerted by the plane on the block is directed

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle q w* 44gvz(wjpx+ cfne, sith the horizontal. The gravie p(s nf 4wvgzj,4+xc*tational force is directed

  Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are releaset98 pxs4gqcy0d simultaneously on an inclined plane that makes an angle of 30e with the horizontal. Make a statement which besttc ysg 48p90qx describes their acceleration after being released.

  An object sits on a frictionless surface. A 16-No .z-mdz:+ s/s7zetnp force is applied to the object, and it accelerates a-z/tsp :.n z+ezso7 dmt $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What is the mass of the object?

  A sports car of mass 1000 kg can accelerate from rest to 27 m/s in 7.0 e ae6q6esr2p8 s. What is the average forward force on thespeeqr 2 6e68a car?

  Starting from rest, a 4.0-kg body reaches a speed of 8.0 m/s in 2.0 s. What ir6pbub3,oh3y )6bdlgj;tr w ehe ;3s9s the net force actin6djgeu;p 3 hho3) rb,bwslybt e693;rg on the body?

  An antitank weapon fires a 3.00-kg rocket45 9l*n1crlcbkt sz6x which acquires a speed of 50.0 m/s after traventkc6s clz4x95lb1* rling
90.0 cm down a launching tube. Assuming the rocket was accelerated uniformly, what is the average force acted on it?

  If you push a 4.0-kg mass with the same forco5 4sd(vgu kl)e that you push a 10-kg mass from rest, 4slvugd) ko5(

  What is the mass of a person whd4hh96i)lgd9gn ,qexu9fpb o :qkw fg ;z+6 d)o weighs 110 lb?

  What is the mass of an object that weia*5n)jgtw4q ,m q)tqjcr7i b1 ghs 250 N on the surface of the Earth where the acceleration due twn*4 g1t,m) cbijqjq5r7t ) qao gravity is $9.80 \; m/s^2$?

  An object has a mass of 6l *kpl*j8fv j;pjp 4*i0 kg on the Earth. What is the mass of the object on the surjvlj8*pl*;pf4pj *i k face of the Moon where the acceleration due to gravity is only 1/6 of that on the Earth?

  Object A weighs 40 N on Earth, and object B weighs 40 N on the Mooiajn/ 3)jlm0 cn. The Moon's gravity is one sixth of Earth's. Compare the masaj n30mli )c/jses of the objects.

  Sue and Sean are having a tug-of-warfr0n9 ubt: 9+llst -si by pulling on opposite ends of a 5.0-kg rope. Sue pulls with 9s: n+ilburl9t0f ts -a 15-N force. What is Sean's force if the rope accelerates toward Sue at $2.0 \; m/s^2$?

  A stack of books rests on a level frictionless sy-8gl+3su u dtf gzhn c-:0q4hurface. A force F acts on the stack, acu suqh-t g- +f:nld0y8gz3h4 nd it accelerates at $3.0 \; m/s^2$. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What was the mass of the original stack?

  A person of weight 480 N stands on a scale in an elevator. What will t2scx cz 1x5imzdq8f: /he scale bef5s czx8:cq/ 2xzdi1 m reading when the elevator is accelerating downward at $4.00 \; m/s^2$?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass 4mzka*v 5r +fc6ce 2c6fsr h0yof the person is 60.0 kg and the elevatorm4v 2srrk6cf ayfc0z*+6c5 eh accelerates downward with an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of the person is hb.xvo 7ej)shp427cd9i (m uz60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates upward with an acceleration of o)j4hbu7(xs 2ic .9vmpz7de h $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  Two horizontal forces act on a 5.0-kg mass. One force has a magnitude of 8.0 -qd qmftaqfs4h3gxp97/ v, 4qN and is directed due north. The second force toward 447,p qq-hastg9f qqm/xv3fd the east has a magnitude of 6.0 N. What is the acceleration of the mass?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It isv* x,uz5xs0 20kydn zh held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping distance if the load is not txvuns, kz*0 0d yxz25ho slide forward into the cab?

  An object of mass 6000 3vp.x cj1 bg;n7w9qwm kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum w 3.x1; b j7ngwvqc9mpstopping time if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 7k fnk3 v dvv38gb8pd3 y5l7yskg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the magnitude of the acceleration of the svflvv7g7bps 35yk 388d yk3dn ystem? (Ignore friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = j):vzb (eqr0c0.40 kg, what is the tension in the string? (Ignore friction and z e):j vqrbc0(the mass of the pulley.)

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horbtbmh8y,5n(,x n1x75tgw r os izontal floor with a force of 100 N ,nrm8t, 5sbn5ho(gt1xwxb 7 y in a direction of $37^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the acceleration of the box?

  A student pulls a box oogoqkvu7wx4 zl vwk 63sy 43*7f books on a smooth horizontal floor with a force of 100 N in a direction of 37.0e above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the normal force on thewg634vx szkv347o qy7wul ko* box?

  A traffic light of weight 100 N is supported by two ropes as shown in Fig,yn( ip qi5g f8c v;g mi3ikm6qsyg(4:. 4-2. What are the tensions in the y( mg(qi3g4f,g 8mkp;s6 icni5qv:iy ropes?

  In Fig. 4-2, if the tensions in the ropes are 50 N, what is the ma dp 6pv7/ivp,t3 y;qynss of the trafficq3vyp/ ,yt7dpi6; nvp light?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in conta7/ux .p uwj8,:n.(ixu ,lwgj,uljbk mct with each other on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is theumx(uj u,l ,.l j jw7/w8piukn.xg b:, acceleration of the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in cj+m:1 ommc 8gtontact with each other on a frictionless surfg+mj:ct81 mm oace. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the net force on the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connspf +snvv* ,t1ected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If the forward force on the more massive box is F1p +*ft,vns vs, what is the tension in the connecting rope?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by +boi/lq8o sh5a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If the forward force on the more massive box +qboi 5ol 8h/sis F, what is the acceleration of the less massive box?

Two boxes are connected by a cord running over a pulley as shown g9q-m*0lybc9g t npd d7sty8*in Fig. 4-5. Box bp0yy9gntl s* c*89d 7dg-tmq I of mass
8.0 kg rest on the top of the table; the coefficient of kinetic friction between box I and the table is 0.10. Box II has a mass of 15.0 kg.
(a) Draw the free-body diagrams for the two boxes, identifying all of the forces acting on each of the masses.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the system.
(c) Calculate the tension in the cord.

  The coefficient of static and kinetic frictions between a 3.0-kg box and a desk (oq 0w:pv8pmxvh6.w/pj n7x1xx b,nh are 0.40 and 0.30, respectively. What is the net force on the box when a 15 N horizontal force is ah(jn1mvxpxb8x ,h.qw po0x: 6n/ 7wvppplied to the box?

  The coefficients of static and kinetic frictions 9fx og;tcuow2 2p,o. yfor plastic on wood are 0.50 and 0gup 2yx ;,o9.w 2tofco.40,
respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

  An object slides on a h4v2eie/6f68 ei nzk klevel surface in the +x direction. It slows and comes to a stop with a constant eh62ki8i6z/e4 fvenk acceleration of -$2.45 \; m/s^2$. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor?

  A 10-kg box sitting on a horizontal surface is pulled 80slxt3wpp( x9 vq1can( r)gg by a 5.0-N force. A 3.0-N friction force retards the motion. What is the acceleration of tv pxg)rg3xwn9((p1 q80 astlc he object?

  A horizontal force of 5.0 N accelerates a 4.0-kg mass, from res p rvgdq1ieiipu5,q-fn*p)-4t, at a rate of $0.50 \; m/s^2$ in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

  During a hockey game8 xkvqe8**jyz3 wreauhs5 yiqj/ -3edzb- 7(z, a puck is given an initial speed of 10 m/s. It slides 50 m on k *7 z*jjyq sr3i3h de-w88z ua(z/qb5yx e-vethe ice before it stops. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the ice?

  During the investigation of a traffic accideo yvs x5dpob/h)7,f/dnt, police find skid marks 90.0 m long. They determine the coefficient of friction between the car's tires and the roadway to bes7yh ,/dxfp/vodo)b 5 0.500 for the prevailing conditions. Estimate the speed of the car when the brakes were applied.

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) 2qnq6nlo *h)noln (w) The surface between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the morwnno)n2l(6 )qqohn* le massive box, what is the static friction force on the less massive box?

  Two boxes of masses d k5pv-q 4 vt5r5llc/um and 3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the v5/l ltc upv-5dr 54qkless massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the coefficient of static friction between the boxes?

  An object is on a frictionless inclined plane.ca*llf8*3yb n The plane is inclined at an angle cy3afl *8nlb*of $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?

  A 10-kg mass slides down ( 9djh01u; hvfg;tp tla flat hill that makes an angle of $10^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, what is the resultant force on the sled?

  A mass is placed on a smooth zfr tq,ryrs7p /;pb+c6sg 3k3 inclined plane with an angle of $37^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?

A block lies on a smooth inclined plmm1i4f;da* (d (aihhv a0wq)lane tilted at an angle of $35^{\circ}$ to the horizontal.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
(b) Determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane.
(c) If the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
(d) How long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?

  A wooden block slides directly down an irb+v2v, 1 udc6cf1jpga5aqgg ,3yro .nclined plane, at a constant velocity of 6.0 m/sdg2arjruv .p,5c63 ,y+b 1cgaoq1vfg .
What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of $25^{\circ}$ with the horizontal?

  An object with a mass x*pl 1rm ,:kzy++6pen)l msbqm slides down a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. What is the acceleration of the object?

  An object with a mass m slides down a roughj /lnr;ecs +yg) k dxqzqr1/;9 $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. If the plane is 10 m long and the mass starts from rest, what will be its speed at the bottom of the plane?

  A bulldozer drags a log weighing 500 N along a i et/gyen85b 2wi:,n 3mp:lvzhq)0ctrough surface. The cable attached to the lo: bh:5w 8 mz3t0,e /nlg)nvpct eiqy2ig makes an angle of $30.0^{\circ}$ with the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.500. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to move?

A 25.0-kg box is released from rest on a rough inclined plane tilg6d n tt1q,9j feafo(et- +-ftted at an angle tn6f 9-t+,eta fte- dgo1jf q(of $33.5^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.200.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Determine the force of kinetic friction acting on the box.
(c) Determine the acceleration of the box as it slides down the inclined plane.

  An object is placed on ana ek mu)407xwq4(hxx n inclined plane. The angle of incline is gradually increased until the object begins to slide. The angle at which this occurs is q. What is the coeff) n4 7xu40qk(mxxhaw eicient of static friction between the object and the plane?