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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autoconfig.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autoconfig.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V g+z-r,kc3bjsx) i .8cwljw8 e rraph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process,.ww8*9i,8mix*3i stcsd godb1m uns: there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicx;sm yhrcu 4-etac,ddrg7 5. 0s, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its tti:.05nt uurbm;jyu j s0 s4z-emperatureu0i4-y j rntu s5t0s ;.u:bjmz. This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isot6n,ezyk s70zl eqp,n2hermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expe6l, 2n,ezk pne70qzysnded by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half ad4b(y vl3s,qits original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of tqlyv ds(3, a4bhe gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this p5+tp9 fqe d24gwgtc+ drocess, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following st+t2qdd9 tcg 5 4wgefp+atements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. Durin(,;3zvyryx:g hp5gy cg the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. Thi xpy,grczy 5;y:gh(3vs process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynaeihh tw142jm 2v(wh8b mics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas kd t,7hdpv(6,oq4xsgis compressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure 4kgo6p7(dxh , vsqtd ,of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all relmw1 bu4+ld)qk;a;s0bcqku. spects except that one containsw;dqubmkqll)akb s+;uc1 4 . 0 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except tha gw: y9o er5oyr1sh2519q2e6aotv nrct one containsyo5s vh9r9gow yrc1t:e2 5 62q neo1ar $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on tqj/a* f23vci gb4f8vev( ugv4 he PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is 0kvve /f*f.p) mt:x 6 )abcmoxno change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicewjmvjd2 q* 7uqz9e 79s, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heam t2 nnuy(o7aw fhxx.h4k241yt is added to it. This proco .x2uh7a fynt x(4mnk1hw2y4ess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constanqd- 68c8yc:pk oojc- p:ysvk 4t pressure. As a result, the internal energy of :- cyco:8ops84 kvkq6jydcp-the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram i60-8rzq ( bcivo1oz+ym qw 0rxbdm9,vs


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is pq7nstx ue4/*g(a hfdmn ; 79 +yjfeh5no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermolacx goe0*/9 aw)z-o tdynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand j;cgem) i1p(o 4sk fp2wf0;zzas heat energy is added to it. 40;z k 2;e(iwmcpfsjfp )og z1 This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant vy)hc1:1 z4 ewux60u z 2zmogqzolume. As a result, the internal energy of the gas4mxzy6 u : hzzue11qw 20z)gco

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodyn(30axa9afup4h+ wn zpo,(lp i amics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer hea0ff :r3b9 av ivukf-j4t from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfermt/d2sbe) qtj (klo0w 5e .k2a heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodyn/ktuffcl /os -r 3u-(vamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cyad44f f,oy. itcle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine a. tdi4yf o4,foperating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defibp g9j1k0xpa m98 9rekned as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine isjo;hkx* 6lsqu;1 yz.m nl /yy4 to be 100%, the heat sink must/. ;olljs 1n;qk6hymuyxy*4z be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists of/zkqiugdgk- ))b*z: kf56 k ks

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamicl17 ek zs*o21l jhk10 utz0hzjs.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP)(zczfi4z 8upqmot966c3 3 u ea of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio o3 m6a8pzuc cqoe3ftz469u z( if

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as thp41l.a u3d lbue ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy w7v0v7*g lb*, mzocxb j3ws. fof the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur zr foa :sm *fki2a 4:uh;1.ilbwithii:lzka:s;2o mfha*ufi 4r .b1n an isolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodymdxk x x( /6hkv;.epl3namics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics li5/cz-fv kyg 0eads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5. 4gb39y u, bgt:y,ze dml2c,cb0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in internal9,,3bebbtzc d,g:24 yycu lgm energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is rm12 4(doylbu9 e.ohkt7 g/b8zaxah,cemoved from an ideal gas. What is the work done in tadoa/clbou.2h7m ,xkh94e gy1(8 tzbhe process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400lnr y i0a:o cer8,5mo0 J. What is the change in :e nry00omo5c8,arli internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabaticalp:,limwu;yco8 :7 hgxly. What is the change in internalx 8 u:cyil,g: hmo;pw7 energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic pfvx-zq)db4 fw .bx,5srocess while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in internal energy?b b x,d)q.f -zwf4xvs5

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system deca2zto2el, w3 mreases by 50 J. What is the w oew m2,3l2ztaork done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the interndufg6ipqz* 6 da+88fc al energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat excc+p6g8*qf 8ufid 6 adzhange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomiq9 y :ji3(mvwtc gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of 9mw : vt(j3yiqenergy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is chl1 k)tlfp0c5ooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed fr h k05l)tplcf1om it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of +uxsuad, 6ed93.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives;g -xn+v2o-7bks w.kud2ubkqjq9 -x y 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficiekjsq2ubvkgx k- u+2wbx-q y.- ;9 do7nncy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heatpypu3pc )z0:o k:wz 4i per cycle. How much work does it pi3z :4p )p:z0owukycperform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of he(a (irsxnuz z7 :n5tm5at per cycle. How tz(5az ir(xmnu 7n :s5much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. jq wa* rnttz;8q 4o95a+ul6b3l1mwyw Calculate the efficiency olqtww349naty l m8 q wo;z*b5u1a r6+jf each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle vzmfk 2fk6- l)and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done e2)kfflv 6 mzk-ach cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the foln0nw /zjlz;jb9d 7h9feiro (4lowing characteristics: combustion chal i/hej4f07 wnzj;(9zronb9d mber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient bmw,g-- (iijnengines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature b(gi j-m -win,= $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far hpxc:4*d5+3bgu yqe ndas the following characteristics: combustiqcdgdyn3b* e54pxu+ :on chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW r+ w5ms/20*lcbi7lwsm wov/u of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plalh;48cb ;fr;j um0kxm.)vwev nt uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powfkpgeew,( pc8+z0ni* er. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an; xdn8lp wcy3g :dwtpi8/3t7 n engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possiblap*rp t); f+vte for an engine operating between tpf at+;*pr)v $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 39hepeor w0 0d (g 3fbwc2iy79a5.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of th a 0 ir939y7e d02wehpgbw(fcoe hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating between lzsolh-44 *he:5qrb-pj it5o(,dvur$40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes hea qdr7r(ht0 fvdvz5(-ta67h jub+e/vnt from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How mucbt0 - tv dur 6hd(/5jv77hazvfne rq(+h work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of e+zz jix0+orhf;b0f +20 kJ an0rx e+b;+0zo+ hiffj zd ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J e e vrkff16q)7of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cyc 6fkr1ve) fq7ele?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy0qns qx/k+e/olgwvylp 3u 2u h,(-o;m when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, dj :ao9k(mf v;the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes j ft8s7+ rls-zan isothermal expansion and its entropy changejrzs8st +f l7-s by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at px0 x+ vcdpf1rim)8se 1tf z+)$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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