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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: physics   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown onpx(skbc 692xd the T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal processc. owtc;rq8 *h, there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynami:xo1d0 v uw2s,ng jvv:cs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume wmlfp5j35iv+4 hwt )e -du vw1eith no change in its temperature. This proct5 id41ve5wu)hm+pvlwe 3 jf- ess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compres)uc*j i :*7jwrc-ksyx sed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of eny*k 7 ciu)jrcx -w:s*jergy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original i1rvsjc cnv-* 7u:n-lvolume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of:l rc7v-i 1nvns c*-ju the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this procvzg:w9fy 3:(olyp ,ib ess, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the glvw fz3op:y i(,ygb:9as. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. c kb5/ig2e e6mr/9ose75e qrg During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its s sgke/ocqm5e/ begrrie 27695 urroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodnxr nh0 z)t(ub.2tvdouz (2e+ ynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compress e ;q ,-lp-e+:rehgd.lsrhh4xed to one-half its original volume during an adiar;e, l-:e h +edh4.qplhg-rxsbatic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that6 vvq-kf5 ew+q;sqs. d one contains q;sv d6fkq -evs. q+w5$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respe5kid3x d2z3mscts except that one containsm d d3s35kxzi2 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagr;vg7mh62wz gp am is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no chagh qw(n ef079n; ad-ofnge in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyna,, kj wtqp;qi)mics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant presc oi:e ri1h t/lnk)m:-sure as heat is added to it. This procein:chl1-e)m i:k rot/ss is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transfeqh bc m1e-)18ac-j rmkz h3.wdrred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure-d1) emb38-hakc .w hmjqc1z r. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PVpe 1y2yi,n 5kvy./lyw diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric processh p/aq8ty:cs3, there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody .tb8 x,) g1guuh6 qwjwqtfk5.g1 tp1cnamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot e8yx18)cfrq* k5zi f)+hcez cb xpand as heat energy is added to 8+cfb5 ie)cx) z1r cy*fkh8zqit. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat enefrjibk sj5r 2cu- 4c5g xi)5y1rgy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As xck ug by1r5ri5f2-j)4i5jcs a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamics. gau 6bnzt6*rk+0bj+n:ndh9 u
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer vh*b7y54)i; fuo3ln(z qk wliheat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot resej/l ult ly7/5nrvoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics accor xgh9k3o /hv2bvcrwb98lr l 7v3oa4t1ding to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illu;()9ibnd0r 7s:p5srcpk yomu strated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by :(ikc du5brm;p s0yos) p 7r9nan engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the2,o,xxx 0ok2wxenfz-, b dk+ w ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine islwplg(wfeqbf *-py.ql ,(i-k16f /dr to be 100%, the heat sink must-f. ly- f/6gfr dklp (wpq,ql(i*ebw1 be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consist *,0kqaasmt .fs of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planckud 6bo.kgx**5 6wrqiw statement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (pu9l/swynj..zyc6d 2 COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of.nw2/d.pl9 yz 6juscy

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratioshymw u3, f47() r7; fpidrjpl of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy 2h 0yz p5dkra4u8j9wiof the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that manr )*j n;m/ snew ybr96jbrb--0cjk7ay occur within an isc sb*)jr ;/bnn k0 r-jw6beanr -ym9j7olated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the sa8gv3i icp i)d) p/:1 uf-wxkiecond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodyndifju+l q;6+ aamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed fromgv 9,0;c qi:vjlw+zg gam1 ,kqfzk;,f an ideal gas. What is the changew+z,;gl;ifz k, gfkqm9v,:a0q 1jc vg in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. Wh,lx5ue 5 op,coat is the work done in the5olop,, xe5uc process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas syste : dbj/1ndbni)m in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change inndnb jb: 1)id/ internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the chan2*h 8smqeu /wqge in internal energy *m/eq2 swuhq8 of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while7u*-;xbvz4j /0ged 2idkcfnb doing 25 J of work. What is the change in internv0zedb cgd4/ -fnubk7;x*j i2 al energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a sysqsq:q8 xi6sr3f fs imd5k:.-atem decreases by 50 J. What is the work dod 8ssaqffi sx6q:-.m:i 5k3r qne?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases bybs 49zg - brrol5p9d0d 50 J. What is the heat exchanbdslrdz 9p9o4 0b5r-gge?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gv( evuoa cjcrao/70x,1f*pcaq +m 9o 6x4qi,bas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy fr,ajx (09*ao/1cm,7+xeco f uo4vvaqq ri c6pbom the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume whsf (qfh5(lm, )h*ym8oaj. sgven 831 J of energy is removed from it. 8j vh5sy*(a mglf().oh fm s,qHow many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of iw ni1*grg s613.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each uqj )ci*t2 z/qcycle. What is t qt2ic*ujzq )/he efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efx isq:e evz*.g l yy+buv:81ij49fepv1/6 cwificiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform xpzi1.4si9*:gl:1evcfuqjew ybe+y v8/6v iin each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat pek0. 98pz 8jppoedpj e-r cycle. How much-8 o d .98keezpjp0ppj heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Cal d7n4b)cp kv5nvr :1lw;v/wyfculate the efficiek fb/ld4 w1nwn;5vpr7c) vvy:ncy of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 4uz 79erv,7mxjahs ) +s2 kcal. Calculate the work done each cyczej s+77ar s,umxh9)vle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristicsh) 3kc )7qh1 d*gp)h wo7b*cpofi4dok : combustionk)h b* co7 )h1 o c*kgwp7io)3h4pdfqd chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following chara9*rxc f*oi e.5pqfl/ycteristics: combustion chamber orpfxy i */q .ef5c*9ltemperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristiue8nn q8/go yx8xi4*fcs: combustion chamber temperature = ngqyox n8*f/ x8e8ui4 $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power.kym2,-/c 6 irt sbjuu/ The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant us acqu9vqcqrl4r j5 d*q2;qn8 (g-zlt,es $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant u ikfxi(viy v0,rco jw9xz;fe- 9n7n (:ses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine wjogtryc2 z+zal8 .;lw9dw os/ 9 0uap9hich operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possibl wu;t8)f w57a6owe aoce for an engine operating betweenawewf7ocua;)wt 8 6o5 $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What isqm 7f a6vru gn2 :e 5xt7sz4h6wad;3sk the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot rq;xsva6mtwn:24fz5 7eds 7g63hr u kaeservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betweeu nxwlo /07t7sp*f, fi ykfy,ni/fv1(n $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ iztb4e n; cn, -h:np)tand ejects 24 kJ into a room per chz4)cbt-,ti e;np:n nycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ aal dh2)(oit j,: plbs2nd ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the ch,b(s lta:jd )io2lp2oefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from ta 6k*svlh)ol7he freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required ikla sv)7o6l* hn each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entrop; * wxbeyl2,tcy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the cz:/pwgtegplw,i9+wvk a:p 6,hange in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP un-gdl( 4+vzz;m/ 3oheb nfg8a zdergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy (z/4bzol vah+f8 g;m -gzen3d changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at q)c.ams, .ki e$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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