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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autoconfig.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autoconfig.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-bro;16mwe + oqV graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, j7 6hnxn.f*q xvn+ ng*ix1 or*b+qg)f there is no change in

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本习题练习题目来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)，学生可刷题练习，扫右侧二维码或加微信skysky1258，获取更多资料
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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,ku6rn4 t:zr :w $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its temperatuqv*d8gh4 h.oowo1jwg 37 de1o re. This pr.1 od*h q1vo73gwgdh w4jo e8oocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. Duringz;q7z(un/0vz4g zkn b this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal enq z/ g7nu;z0k b(4vznzergy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume durin pdwxsd l,6v p(2t3eds pq*,y)g an isothermal process. The fip p,dxwyvst2 d6l*d(3e )sp,qnal pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expan )auc7rvn,- pnded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gaspacr, nu n-7)v. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in mjbdqq c59 f /upl-*4o; ch2ir.5qerq(d6bgjan isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat wigb ld/9- o5 6qj(i2q4qb* q dhrr5c.cjume;fpth its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody7u ubu2gkzwf44-gw ; xnamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its ori.qy u/9vxhu 4r- +kwtfginal volume during an adiabatic process. Tk9/r+w-hu4ft y.vqxu he final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identicalkj ,b1mw)hy2e na ws38 in all respects except that one contains m 8nj23ewk ,)aw ybh1s$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders ofx)/ z z:iqi vb2ld,z2g gas identical in all respects except that one contains 2lzxg ,i: zdqz/vb2i) $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagra (ux* c3rvuvo0m is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric proce3) jv26imy mijgq)3ivjn ,/ xass, there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynam .wvk;(vif* 2hheoex9ics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at 69tqy0dcks ) 9edtajh;su-zp f*z 5; nconstant pressure as heat is added to it. This process 9d ks z-n;puaf jz6* qye);chs5 09tdtis

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant op-w n: 2cds-la *1wopo3e 1ftpressure. As a result, the internal energy of the gasf-cn12 o* o-p dop:swe wlt1a3

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV dij75i9c.2:5dzlygio:;mgtc t *c f i viagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, ther1.4e- jzheiv)c uguod0i 8 *yae is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynami3badevts mcbx th; fag6d o55)044e,fcs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is a0 hqotu00r up7bi:/ym)2tx s,mb9 d p4 8mscpfdded to it. This p x):s0 tm uhb/ dm2,iurpt4pmp8f07qy 9c0bosrocess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energqkma.h9) 0kqh7eq(fnuh xq3 7 y are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energy o)q m97ha( eqhfk3 qn7xu.k0hq f the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynam v6c9;*4ot gbqo4wn gy .vt qilt0apt53e qr(8ics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold resertfj x5q3kaa19+ *dlrlvoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transybkiu;i)w sk d (2t.6sfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermofmoae ) dgmr+ax250d 9dynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cyht )+ rk) 60ipqywy7zgcle, how much work is done by an engine operating on thisyhk6zyp w 0gri)7+q)t cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat enug t-5(*fri-hdis* l bs 4yxi,gine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is4 0so8 6e5y.rlmc(c 5cu tvkfm to be 100%, the heat sink must be0.58m6vso4te y (cf 5muklcrc

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consistq4w:yphvwp +ru3cd/ 8 cbh )y4s of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law o,+hqb, f0 aljpf thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrrq *b-/sd.zky30( ay8lizchr1k e ud,igerator is defined as the ratio of-q1 lsu dr.(0zbyh*8/y erckakzd,3 i

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as 2xtu q0)c 6wyfthe ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy ofmhf9b5s uic2nj 2;6 vuie 9(vh the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, f+23u puvg vd.ror any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices applie+ p u.vg32urdvs?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the sec zdg+t zf4pepr6/x-wqm xxzb x7 0/(s-ond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us t3wg pw-u3v dv0nb g0kzg n-:-io conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heac(7ec8(zg/ h ontkh fk.tf9+t t is removed from an ideal gas. What is the changee ( foczthc.t7(fn/8+hk kg t9 in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal prs4fo6l ,soove w8a ,pdf99z/eocess, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the l o w9ad8fo,eos9,p/e f vzs64process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J.0cal vy/i oj0h x/9mz- What is the change in internal enea 9i-/vzl xoh/cm0j0yrgy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is ob -0d/0/ dsuifxoq1lthe change in internal energyf/o lb/du-xoq0d0i s1 of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. v4,vx a,m 1maiuo3l1 cWhat is the change in interno4c,a vm3 1uai1,vmxlal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal ex-v9vh 8 ialh9r;ai h(nergy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is theali xiv -8vhrh(9;h a9 work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 eql.tc1q b,.hjno kdr(6 :z :iJ. What is ,:o .i:b6q(qc dtje .nklrz1hthe heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of : mxtkb7tr-*m a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by remrtk- t 7:xb*mmoving 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 a lzvgu4u)d:sikf/x r0a:l /6K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. Howf 0r :/i4gxula /ka)s6l:u vzd many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water,;w k k4sx6 ,1uuylq)onb *tum at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cyg(jmcp4de * k)cle. What is thekge*)jpmc( d4 efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J5l8d bs fup7-r of heat per cycle. How much wor-ur b57s8lfp dk does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and recei r) .s/66m(mytv.vwtypnst7yves 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each cypw7n vy.6(v.mmy rys s6)tt /tcle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal ota+1-fti:)ifd q d fc;f heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate t dqi :;dcat)f-1t+ffi he efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhaustst) 8zcw/ 5a2ywmbae.z 3)uv,upi;fra 42 kcal. Calculate the fu.t/))vw5 au 83 z,amr 2aieb;wc ypzwork done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristdhkye3 2x(z3wwzyrm *z. ma0 23pk5fnics: combustion chamber temperature h y22m(py zw3d* r kkz3wmaz53e .fx0n= $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines builskpf r,i ehasg8,8 ly8ms:k)1t so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamberhpa: f s8 r,1s,8kly)i8segmk temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristicsjb5puc w((t+mz3p,1jg+ jk8zp z;jbl : combustion chamber te;mkbw+cgjupjz1 z5tjp8jpz(b 3 l( ,+mperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant jyzn; i+zjb:7uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powfz q )w3uno(a k5q)2arc6o+ mv1b4vqxer. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of elec)h 4z5v)+ihiw hok-, b4llhzw tric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot effic9txp7vv/ol/ r ,6ic xxiency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possibnvya)tq *svgf 7xv(* 1le for an engine operating betwq7yv a1vnxfsvt g *(*)een $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carno s5c /tn1am0ok7ih-zrcpc8.g7l7 mk jt engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold p kmt7h oal/ - c7c8nrjg5k0.c7isz1mreservoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operati-jv4k; t 5jju lco6kg:ng between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the ra s+gyfp+r5q.7ysfjv+ jq2 7pgte of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work i77vp2 g5+qsgfq+f.+y rpjyjss required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compaj6n7/n* 8ow 6pogmg0 jz+psf ortment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficj7 opo/ sz6jpgw6gn+m08n fo *ient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat u:kge: 2npf ib8zzr92from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cyc298:k:rf z2zn iepub gle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50slwyct 3z-f(9i )q)z6df+hn4 par :gl g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice fre2n8 it.( 9is*dmhr llpezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal -r 51ild/hs gtr,i6im gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropi1rrmtd5h/ii g6ls, -y changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at 6-i nveg*x155ujuufd $80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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