The three common phas w8egy2 cq+3emes of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densitnmmjb s53o 0p4y of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is notv t9-5swp:d jn a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, and rd,d:q s+ ;bdluemr9+ p o7y4iall three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest9i;:om+desp7dly ,4r b+ ruqd liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures injl . 86gcmbb;nside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure8u:g4;huvqkq 8l d* tf at the bottom of a pvqutkf8 *dh;g :4q8l uool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneak) 92;*exjnki+;m:kgtn g4uo xix zn 8th the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happensi m x):okn9x gzji4+ kex;*ntn ;28gku to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principledlnt zio.-e5. +me xr;.

State Archimedes' pr,gw:4 2hdii lvinciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeptay1bgy-x4-os ( /of5 uu(knx er and deeper into water of constant density, what happens to the buoyant force on i uk5(a-ystu fn1ob(x4 -g/x oyt?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh wate 7 uu0i-fq,xfkay 5f4cr. A boat floats in both fresh wati5xcfya0,ff- q74uuker and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats inx b1crd 4r+j/o both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the f+rro4/jdbc 1 xresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is tvnr yk,wm -,+ahe buoyant force m w,kr-a +n,yvon the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at b;z9t*4 2nh xhembs*xs d4 dy+the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg pieceexszbb*+hyhd*msx 4n9d; 24t of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtufpkm 6vk y2*hissc92)b. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the waterhckm9*pks) 6 fisyv22 level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a baja 2ijar 89,t3q.g lccthtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top pir 98j 3tcq,agcailj2. ece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of thep,2sqw; j6s jx pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of tqjj,psw 2s x;6he water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal *b .n :lbgod0sku:y3i9r+6 xajn9 e- 9qhmnde pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what+-qdoxbe. r03*mh 9 y9jsed al 6 nignbnu:k9: is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If 0vbg1)n. wu ujthe pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is tnjvg0.ub)u w1 he flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's priac0bc* b,uy6y(u ; e3ozrydu(nciple.

  Which one of the following is aamtm3e d,*d a or0 tez4d.n8d)ssociated with the law of conservation of energy in dtda )d om remz,e0at.83n* 4dfluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increaswyb; p6-4 w6/xl0hn h imhs3kbes, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than rr1n1j;w0* +y axdotqat point A. Wheryw* d0aonr+xq;1 t j1re is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises) j1wuil* 6udzx4k6wipxewzs tx , w5y::8 ;ze. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. .s: 7fnt9c1b pwrvrkphd2uv.,i: q y 5The force of air resistanceuqsp v. hf1r2w9bi:7tc,pdv5ry k:.n on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are r6dawacff5 (-j +,hjd peleased simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will r+ ,ah( 6-jjw fcadpfd5each the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls throug0ruog(a 3 9sg2 tczo dnb-r)4)ijd-ggh water, it experiences a drag f3jg g ooz)t i29b 4n-dga-c(ugrd )r0sorce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pip :5pfvhm23lyv e? That is, if you made af 3phvy2vlm5 : 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipesd r7ghv1hp81iu8 tp8utco/; m are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressg8h178/uou1hptpdr8 ; t m cviure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diamqv/zlr p/yzjro lv;jb1d 9qz85/(+ y4xtqd6 seter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate idb8v ;1(j+ll/9 6zyp /5trq/qdqjyv 4szzxron pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes gre icw5v5/ufxs-g54wfa; vxl +rasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. a4g/s;w5 fcl5x5+rxvu w- v fi To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the warccx7 xi5hnuu;+( 0wuc9k f.tter rises to a height h. If the diameter were hahfu5+c97 r xcwuic.k(nx;0tulf as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are su6gyu gad1rmsih9u+l; )z9lx 8/x ;hd ufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etcur uzu;g9li1d y+;lgmh86 axh9s/)dx . What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that t9gihpxl p *42vhey can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. Whatp9plvxh * i42g is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.uh ,y6 xog6*xsz7(nz j0 g. What is itguyxxz66h o ,jzns7( *s density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.35 cr9:a)y 9+dq symetg4;dr/so7. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.e:fya 2u3,crb0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exeecayr2fu: b,3 rt on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 prz66ctg6ag1 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (ab*fjd nn3:j*xmsolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in thexn jm n:**f3dj ocean?

  A circular window ofq 1pz9a3e1cf z*z-r czi:9lrw 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force 9ze*f c-zrzr izwq :1cp391 laof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressuro/) uz/j bvei(e is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below t8fkzj sj/y*/ghe surface of sea? (The dy/*8gjs/ fkz jensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a locationkv 4i( /d1ulls 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawater i/vu kl(l1sdi 4s $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a h mk zw 6p/2az9jh6+vqyydraulic machine. The small piston has ar2vk9p6qw aj/zhmy6+z ea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a r;w-lxitzwg0 khi)t,2;2j 3zkkje(; c sdyi2 radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must -;;d ,iwzi(k3ywit0gx se zk2)k2 h c2jt;rlj be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 2d )uzm,ezfgymeewb/. ba ). 025 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish thisbb/g0.e,e)eu m a2. m)fd zwzy?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cmgl 8i9(nbll7; l6q ttss27hxm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. Theg9mtn qllb6(lshlt7 i;2 x87s lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is t*- .l 4p 7fqsa/amvbkthe buoyant force of the wate/7 -fakl.mbp vq*ast4r?

  An object has a volumex(dm,, e4,gqt mk(kh j of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submergedh n vah2 3-v.c4aibpb hcb4-4hwk7ig; in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.p nbc .v4k4hich;2 a3whbgv4a-b ih7 -)

  If the density of gold isy+1u wj+ts,o u $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarindiw; eiisli5: 0 qv6+ie (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N whenb sx ((cktrr9arn- xd2 0mazlf/4: o2l it is immersed in water. What is the spec bll/2r9r ( dzs0art-2o ac4:kfmxnx(ific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20 4 a-s:iqormi+tx 7*ah-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread :oasritq+ a *m4 hi-x7and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of *t3+,jzm pdg kjzka4 *1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just bacr;jkm q d9h02rely float in wakj09q 2rdh ;mcter. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass .,g(,qna qbvwo+*kg f measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m higgof*g ,vn.q+b(qkw,ah. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. bajdzn,25 zx/The weight of the displaced water is zb/25,zxda jn2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of i tzuxr:ni isj*j)yhj6 47- ta72apkg.beg/k 9ts volume beneath the surface. What is the object's 6:gi*ast.9uek tirj7gzj-n)bjyx k 7 /ha42pdensity?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume benewil7ot b8 v:*dath the surface of the wa*w i7dobl8:tv ter. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm this8rev; v bm.jva w /;tf)lvh6h4m: m7xck. What is the minimum area of the flov.m 7 w)vs a v6t;bvmmf/r:lh;8h jex4e that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of di 2x5chz6c+ rcqameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe oqshmusb dad6*u7 8wot 84z/9 at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in thet*dbq6 /7usowaoms 4z8uh89 d line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressure igy46crqn9ovp, uu0(of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take. +9j5qzclyxg for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the founl59gzc +jy.qx tain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bot1blv1j21insyy fz. .van5v,rtom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At wh5z11 byavyv1,snnifj r.2.lvat rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional * iw*;i: ; qj30iaprqtbujr 6nncsi1* area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity (v6 2jwcy,yf iof 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L j ciy6f(wy,2 vof oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an ar obm *bbkiy+-64(enzatery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the prekznb-(4* oabb m+6 ieyssure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a p7 a pbst+ajoow/1 r6lsidmn( x..sv25an of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it risv iso2j(r.s sa .botanxlp/56 7m+dw1e in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. Howm1axtsy17adin.3oqa k 4ec5 7 high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1. o4 s7 tm7q5. 1inxedyaack3a12 mm?

  232

  To what height would water pglef+h()y;+m:gi;d x mnvk) at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diame+gy( n;;f:))xp ik+ gedmhv mlter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in 2oa*wvf/4gd5 1iw:l var3wike*v tp (a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid rgif2o vd5vea*av*k wiw3l t1: / wp(4is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular framefcy x0 qdl7e.tx+p2w2efv x: xz,ov11 of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension o +xfo. v0x:2xf ,1t1q wvzy cpx7dle2ef soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is z 1as,p7vo xb tk+(765so/m yn fzmy 5.xov-hkbuilt in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film omzx +sof16n kvy7 7h. mvy k(at5b,/-xsz5opcontained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?