The three common phases of matter ara(0fwb,fnox t:a/ mk3e

  Density is

  Substance A has a density ofnx3ri,,ep .u lvuqfsd:g cc , sre3.nvk43s*- $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pressure?ajb -*4xe,sw bd0/xf7xmjsl;

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same a*ber:;s0* ybn xq,bi crea base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narro*xbirn be0s;cyqb,* :wer at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tired+b 44z+e )jjqyfce -w gi0ck* called?

  When atmospheric pressure chai23t pqzu9i z4nges, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottot3pizq i9z 2u4m of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m bg-oel5wrj/wb,+mhaxb mr;e4a oc , + 2eneath the surfl2r/5, aor h,wwm-j+e 4o bc;gexba m+ace, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principo l4iclar *nn,wj/3(d44qzpele.

State Archimedes' principle.by.xg9.1j sb6 jv qm6n er5+ja71en-ub mj8bv

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density,c92 q gydw5qvg/v2asv)uu g.t oo9l ,( what happens to the buoyanty, )q.2dv qsgv/ l2oc(5 ggo9vauw 9ut force on it?

  Salt water has greater.ek2** w y8j jx 7-ky rntyqt)fy-vl-w density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and.w - r e-w ty*2k*jxtj vn7yly8f-)yqk in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A shipx*:l v)g3izdy+g; -fi w,uxee floats in both fresh water and salt water. Com ;:w+f, )xgye*ixe vlug-d3 zipared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water 7yu:pq/9u/ybyjdbl / but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the balldp:lbbj yuy 9y7 //qu/ greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to d p+n1v+,dptemu8i/ea 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant for8ptm1 v/n ,p+idude e+ce on it?

  A piece of iron rests on ()uway obr,p9g ;0lti top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water pl, (9r;ia0w)tu bgyolevel in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub.ve 4 5* r:shusu,v-gy 0xk0hz3me6uka A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is vkzh eseuv0*6 3rm0kh5 ug 4u ,x-sa:ytaken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the +z0o:o5v bwrv pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speeboovw + 50r:zvd of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a ho429l 2.0ygm hkg3c e0iddndzcrizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in 2ddcm e23zciyk0lg.gd049h n the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrowx:*;* qrq dxiss to half its original radius, what is the*q s:*q;xxdri flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principlbq(wk*vc d9n+e.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation of energylct f w ,-0 wvqgd .d93rk6yi+qza67gu in fluids?w6 9l tga wid6yc+f kquv- z,0rq3d7.g

  As the speed of a moving fluidl*fm(f7jl5 9e jjx1dr increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pip (kl :.if9e8 rplydv9he. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at poivdr8y.fl i 99:elp h(knt A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. Thi 5 taovl1g6+t by.rto:s is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air res-n0 rdd v,r+cdac3y zu5a6; hmistance +d 6zv;5 n, rchdaaud-r3y0cmon him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, o g ;butb6 0,jetohe1ahjd*g6(f radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will rebgj; 0( 1 hjbd u6ht6t,goa*eeach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock 8zmjwgtdfj-im+.t p) 6zz /b h5go*9iof radius r falls through water, it experiences a dradwgjt hg t.5ii m8zpf) +mb-6zoj9*z/g force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest ef. xsa0 5dv2zug:fg3 zufect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest ch53 a 2fs.vgu:zx ud0gzange in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the dia :)0 ursnafy ,dbh3y1l-fj m-dmeter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is n3s-f udr0ja y)fymdb-,: l1h the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pip 9ffl;et1kq9 ke A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate 9 ;9 1lkfkefqtin pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it ) w+.o6nda liflf4ap 8. 6:ufudztu3koften tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To uduo.k fp4368 :u+.f iltd af uz6aw)nls "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter djy 8+txx7eb7 i is placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how h7xtbe+y 8 xj7iigh would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are s5rc- y l-p8-gd/undiyufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, /idlrd- n8ypu-5-c ygetc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as thz2ok8a4shu bm4+czib.8; hx v e water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose oik2x8ubv hahc;48.z 4z bm s+that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm yrvox9qgl y1z)rh7 r.e* ok yo(/ubg(tyw (60has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its de.6g0 wr*q ekrh9xo/r1oz yuy(y glvto((7b y)nsity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. Wyi20a d az4)xzxr5o:jhat is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x)p zkys. pgu/q0hawmx0dk al.*v;wd .pt8- 6p 4.00 cm. What is the max0 p/ 0wdgvkph6l .kax .ma qps8u-;)*pyzd.twimum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on sn ,i41 wm3 yguj(ufall;owshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a dz9 dsh6 t/g89w5l seyzz j.va1epth of 120.0 m in the8j/6sya5ge zvzl 9 91zdsw th. ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand4+iiwc*ayr+ o a maximum force 4 i *a+ryi+ocwof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure ift :,p5(eqmpgz the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surfacvjti ptxjam/-,(1 *kue of sea? (The density of ti jpj-avut,km*x( /1 seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a locazj,81*7h hr03dqw:wnncq lp i tion 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawahnr,l8qj 1*0nw q3:d7cpwhz iter is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the zpm2 *x xavsfh 69)-izsmall piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has area a z9zsfv26m-h x xp*i)$2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston 373lqsr/ v4mixly+rw( iqm g5 has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small pistons7ygql3l+ i qx/ rimrw vm(345 in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydrr3;0/zs c 7jqxxrio ,waulic piston. What force needs to be applied to r jxr7 wix0osz;3q,/ca 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hyd5bdx, pjhs2t )raulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lif, 5thj)sp 2bdxt raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. Whad; rm n/dxll-m/**n sft is the buoyant force of the wmmlr-nfx */;dld */nsater?

  An object has a volume *6 ( (4.gyo/buht.mc cdo-wfhgoh p4 lof $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supporte .q0lpxl -zo af)fu77ed by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The lpx 0fqo.a7fle )z-7u specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold o.n::( b dqlzovr6 -jwa9d2ex is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densit ll7h87c jdzh q;3nks/y = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it p,7gzj,-.1 /z avhxk 1eomqxlis immersed in water. What is thel1 v/,.zqp-xkha joz,meg7 1x specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water i7kt c.f:dn*pv evvq0 h h)4q u:..gy5qonwgo:s placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = n7q . wf5d.goq:vv :qne u)h.tv pokghy:40c*8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum wif;q impdi+7 .izib2uwy2 k5 + ja0+gzhth a mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely v.6qqsi jy*j0nj/tgeno.*b )fd -d- tfloat in water. What * *qetg 0n.-djqsj/ydjtnb.-i f v o6)is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible masd; lpvx-m+b 2bs measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m hi mdbl2xv -b+;pgh. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the7b6sf ruin) g+ surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weigrsnibf67+ )ug ht of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume begyzr yjaco+6 e56 l6;lneath the surfac zl66o+egy yracl;5 6je. What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-foi:f *4juux 0frax;bq 6urths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the object?q: ubx ff;4x0ju*r6i a

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. Wh ru89wm+t4m lxat is the mini9 rmxwl+mtu48 mum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a ju7w6 sn7d 6-oatk8js pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There iq 8f. xx(g-vfns a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restrictxv8( fnq.-gx fion?

  Water flows at 12 m/s inws- d (7wv+hlu;v+/kww.4-b r rpjom cay8f8n a horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to sq /i0wz-qtyf ;upply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30q qz ytfw/i-;0.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank tha3z3e(c:xq,kb5www+ij *w n pwt holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow outw5i wjq33kx n z:e+*, (wbwwcp of the hole?

  Water flows through a hw zifc8de31t cr bh;22orizontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take51 m-djz1p;o5o dcndh to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and 5-j1ddo5cpn1 moz ;dhneglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall 2faf1nw moen952b*f9sy o lr) of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure prov5fon9afy1 oer22)9lnfm*wbs ided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of wa6 jw;yio(p,vw ter. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high wi,piwjw (y;6o vll it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How / fult.02kk4s1g10h,2vou vdpe6 dh f(ulo cdhigh will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 m v412f0h6/lpuu. , (odfe1tdhkgdu2olvsc 0k m?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 x/fg wg 2i 1bbhf75r1rdegree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diameter f5 gf1riw7hbx 21gr/bof
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water e,8rbj z9chlm2k- ,a jrises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. Whajh89ma-rkj 2z,l e,cbt happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m7xj6w )ef78jig (xe pm and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed wi(e xmf6 7 e)j7p8jxgwithin its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cmg8.v wkk 9b3xw, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film containewbkv89wx g. 3kd in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?