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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship t0aoki5sz, p7xe 3do8 zhat has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or mea i7es3dozp,oa5kx0 8zsure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designeflu-qqt ju5b,)*zw9od to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley conclu3jrrlxsd-7u 1ded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if yx ajzj9 -d6y2mg88my( 5g0ieibh;85dunk jbgou use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity pr.tnv+rhw9 80hrxqb)u inciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumpts;1+ x mgdz qci)xe:k9ions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relati.k5-:yrxrtj(env v6q-q :lc1q tl6x t vity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory b k(y6o:4evyzzb, ec/of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference fzb4(6ecbv:, yyzkeo /rames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relat3q; b,ohtnw/w sglp3,ivity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postula,xwn1 k vvn: ok)ym)6mte of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship mov k7. (- qz(ee4odbgioring away from the Sun at a speed close to the .oo(d7(ebgez -4qkir speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving clova-55rlxm k85k( ahftck

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defv,*raoo.dq9s2wh. y2hupn i 1ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a vesor 5b8 0oze9kry high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains 9 5ker sozbo80on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mp883qg sbrl7 ** sfxsxoving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that app(9+ipif0k mws roaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary obsersk( +w0mi fpi9ver,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direcq x1,omapj+ul*3tzuq l,bgu e, s17 n-tion parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this 13 ,a l mq+u o,geq-p*1ubul,jxtns7 zobject, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass m0y36gq iy)zs of the particleq 6m0yi3z)y sg

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle appro swcfz +4weoqqt,:9q8aches the speed of light, the momentum of the particq8w+:z,qec q9o4s f wtle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you vk+2he ,mf36 9ngpegp iipc.o: 7rdm.at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its leg.7vip6 eenpc:,fdr+3.k hp2igm 9 mongth at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton wh,1d5q qqvx7 bien its relativistic mass v7dibq1q5 ,x qdoubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the te e cn8m5oeh bu/y j9m*sg.-i6otal relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relative-/h c58yg9s b mm.e u*iejon6istic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of ma;ufbcki j;01c i.0vm iss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travel e3ffp2 k7rtx5t+1b kring at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is 3 k+pkrr21 ffex57ttbapproaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following de1 :yuhmi5ua :spends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship*m1 pi8xj3i;q1dclyuko 3g-p increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to q+luz-v;z+co rpbo ,ll( )rex t(0 sp:the shore, does it move in a river theu l)lpol,(os: -b 0 cq+v+(rtprzz;xat is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shory6h,- gg.ovbt /l-,l iybsi g5e, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat isgbgo y5vitls l-h,yb.g/6,i - heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to z2q;aa1ef4) - gg)dj9*h k) ufucti rythe shore, does it move in a river that iur;9)kf gtjc-gey2z )* aifq)4ah d u1s flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be orc6t2wkd6 vu6 bserved by a stationary observer as running at one-half its k wc u26r6dv6tnormal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and retue m( j,7:rtn ahm,p ;td+d3whprns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the space7r,mte adj mpt+wd:;(hn3 h ,pship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea andfe (+)v+ucbm t Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measbv fe(+uc t)m+ured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes c k 0d04xj2dw.qzn*k va space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceshipkzj0.02* kd 4qx ndwcv. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is ixy u*h19d be6*.s6pc s rg6zokts length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to pc dkg .d)o2dvsb+g8o+6ea8 *po j1bfhalf of its proper length (as observed by a stationary+gdbe62 oao8ok*cvj8ppbg.sd +1f) d object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If thpds 7su5i niwz54i /:ue spaceship travels 5z:u wndus7pisi4 /5iby you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar syswbs4dim7 8hgy94npo9a/9d1ni2b g l qtem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Ea p414boh2ng mw9sd ia g8b7i/ 9nq9dlyrth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solumum0-qv:tud q6+q 8 yar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. Houmvqqduq y +-80:ut6 mw much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurrrf2ptc7/y +9fiy(uhay j4ay+ eyn 16 i, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relay +(uy67rf2htfaycnr1 iy 9p eja/4+ytive to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at w p70-ltvfeir3:6rp c0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its restoq um/r uuv*45 mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c tnws9dcmk*3n;0o 9 revo 0.6 c, then your mass will nnw 0c93m*o srk9;evdincrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in rxwl-1dz,*n4* pyha b$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemennekl+*i-gwox(wstk/ 5hdv;: t loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would belwma ck6b20phd (tt)2 released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactiot twdm) 26acb0khl2p(n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent 81hzx caxd26phxu:x 0to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that waskrn;fi9,q u hho 09l)u dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on ; u0 iu o99hn)rhk,flqthe next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of i7 1fp mc7aqlb*eld44: iwuw32g3c fhnts total energy. What is the speed of the protone34dp1qca 42f77cu*fnw :giwm h3l lb?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its 07qr 5+s6sur hbwd)cro p;rb,total energy. What is the momentum in p du5q r0 whb;6sc sr,o)+7rrb$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) durindmjq6ps cgufy5 wz2k+4 lo6 /2g a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reacj8 ;b.cst1clmtion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an elc;uv:ls) ynau u6wq)3 ectron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to acceleno) w*p*mqjxha m r reu5y)9/1rate one kilogram of mass from rest to arxpmyn1w o9)) *h au*5/qjrem velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, h q,xio*4(ga2gvog f3uz63vhan9m5 g$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its r+ij klz o*bovwp796 1mass increased with respect to zp+o7k 9i*w61vjobr lits rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket travjwe 9wwi) rd1- q5p/ ixw8il+peling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun toijw8 i/+)r1xweqw95p idl p-w be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are tx)n p 8dbowrzef7:u0/q8ye7r raveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed diredqw :r8bxuf7 ep0ne)r 78/yozctly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling witagy 0ykflc d3 xz(hr2:ol/.7ih a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the hex3/ cary k il.(f7zl:dh0 2ygoadlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceshke6z hvk9w8:ic9t :hvip then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the s:i hv8k9:hwv6z cket 9paceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.8*y d01b1-p+ -rws) zg)y -* .lmxdjvgwjowbwq0c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the misdb) x0-rq vsjo)b1mp1 * gy-* d.wywlgjw+- zwsile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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总分:61分 及格:36.6分 时间:不限时
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