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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or -y+y20th sawlother means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determ ay2 shwl-+ty0ine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed ty*(gl 2q8ne;qvxph s )o measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experimentjf ;aodc3 et.6uoplx4c 44kt , that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if yrjx1ry05 )w0r rv :vypqil)v6ou use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prignv zn503n2ddnciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galileaxiyc xj ik1.r-t)9 /nvn-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relat;s rec(i0(jch ivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the spe)jcdl5 ( 8heo;u,opsbcial theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames t jlbc;she(d) u8p 5oo,hat

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of speciali *vgy:gym31-x, 2orwj7 ikmv relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of spwmabk3zh5h6 0ke4q : 7t oj3lpecial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaib w qh p27-u8,y;ipou,hgp;hb qea52)8uq xmceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, y2w,qe 28)ppip m8b uquahqo;hixy;g-7h b 5u,ou would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationa542s8ffc;r kazcekr w9w5: ytry observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definedf ;57-f /alttge+ihxg*8wzr g as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin taken8qc q5e4 n r-lv3s(gexl4hz9s a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star angl 9cex4 rzhns lv-e(348qq5nd back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objevw3*d w8z)rt 5 ftoaca8d3 g;lct

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel e650uf fc3fcdm6zv /nto its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stati0uc6 fzc/3de fm5fn6vonary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction tf(xfg bx6p ,)a i7kq(parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The ( k)7,f6xxifgt(qab p length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, tgm0bpop )di,e5*lsv6r g8 bs4he mass of the particlel)piroe, b*v6sb 08gdgm5s4 p

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle appro4ady yejq8( 4yf) oxb9aches the speed of light, the momentum of the partic )4yyao(df8j qyxbe9 4le

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, youaoghw1;.pq i+fj; ud4 otjk09 measure its length at one-half its normal lengqj9w ;+ .;1ai kduf0gph4jototh. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relo vuyco:*r vc0n6np 3yre5;q6ativistic mass doublesr u0 cnryvo6ye *3np:c6 qv;5o?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total5m t7hlix,zox1f96uk relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass5 fxt xu 69ohlim,7kz1 doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of maks88rv zk fg/7ss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at0eqrmx4z i).8/ehi q d 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship xrm0qdhe /qe.8 zi4 i)measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends dk d0x1tr e(-y-6qzpl on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you woul stkyu2;el m28n/6li 9 jtr(esd observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative t(c v+z7 i rae 7mw8p5hehp08xto the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing avc87 m7tx epi(wpazh8+5 0hre t 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With w2ecuh;dfvtqdbe 9foi)9 4hdv2ix5: 5 hat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downs2)iqvi9fehd de ou:t92 4hc55vfx ;bdtream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s c bh3-ci8rsr 5in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move i5 r-8chbrci3s n a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary o t)qzmi)e6(:/ kveggrbserver as running at one-half 6:(g /) tqm)vkzirgee its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey tonji b wrn:im47xk xkxb,373l/ a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a cl rl mbk7xxj:x/ikinwb 3 n74,3ock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Couwrl -c1ff;qj 4rtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured byrcl1-f;j4 wq f Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes8ady*(*xtvu. jp-pyn a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the sd.8puyv aj*- (y*xtpnpaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. q sui/ubjqr7y3i)ivfl,p: wf5e)2+areo 4 i-What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its3 qq jq6bxgn85m02zk f proper length (as observed by a stationa8 j2q xq3zbn50mfg6q kry object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spagw* -vukhr8c:l knt(fz+r0u 5ceship travels by you with a spelgfn(rh8wr*5+k0uk v tz:u- c ed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.304:nu5do lqns) light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels towarn u:4q 5sln)odd the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which6:m; cfrjp1s j is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels towam;jjpr1csf:6 rd the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which ii(iw cpid .d00s 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relc0iiid .0 (pwdative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. Whab1auo77k;j qdlpj i5+t is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twish9x14jcft s* ce its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.r 8;7by6e dxol 4i* ch-flo/ko6 c, then your mass will iybo4kloix6r* f7e - ch;/od l8ncrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum6m1dzn5tky wr05bh+ 2hm :vx m in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemento ./gzf8eo *qh7kyf r5 loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of ma+jt krkzfkusf5; k)-+terial was lost during a reaction? kf+sj;tr u5+k-f)kkz

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equ j-m;mf ./srxo4x;) a9tfghpdivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peo-yi54c9ldvoht5 j z9rple, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalencv59y - 4t5zj9 oihrdlt to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its p.pgknu6*(qd 8 m *scy,qi ee*total energy. What is the speed of the proton?8k6u q *eq*sypnep(digcm, *.

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a, uxe;/ wuxx,a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in / w,;a uexxxu,$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (i c foe 8wf .q2uw6)qgd;mq-/3ywnb4wvn MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost du al.z4p -dwbe9ring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron movin)c 41d5u37d z;h jy+ ppxzcbwng with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of enebsq)z4rv 2 hi:; 1nkuorgy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest t us4:vn 1;kqhizo)b2ro a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, mvp6o)6o4 yoi$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accele fgxf*s6l )i+grated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect i +xlfg6*fs) gto its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. xay 3htdx;2r+ You measure the speed ofa; h2+r3xdxty light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. w (- db1m 52 7odwc*lxqevd;brIf the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured bde5b7 lq*mb;-vdw dwoc(r 21xy a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would *an97uj, .gwef( r tsjlight travel from the headlights of the t,ua (7*j.nf sge9w jrship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the En c 6o2h* g:xfc(c .(uccorb*yarth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile i y.gnco6 (u :crf*2*cchcbx(os fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80sv0;d-aulb kkr p, o:m0 p9w/dc. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative v:buop/- r,d9dw p0;akk0mslto the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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总分:61分 及格:36.6分 时间:不限时
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