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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means fokjh6z6t; *eish1oig 3r you to observe or measure what is o k66is3jei1hog hzt;* utside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designe 2skwp8 j-g;ctd to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiml z .lzappsn 0vn-d)5x )xgb;9t8xx8e ent that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself h1nk,fhi x)g hzi+ 92gif you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princ8x 3aap 0(pna ) atwz-a,c;lwgiple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptip3 8ky: ue-gsqvj yy:;ons of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativity wq4oi3vi.d,mtd,mj*

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of x,gz10l6w r;b5a it kdrelativity was that the l,dz06 b gkatx;1wr5ilaws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of specia9 mf+;k b3ot-u5bo uu mu3yb1hl relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativitq t*u6iikaa.a 10 2wvoy.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceshipnvz -7kxtmtha: p,x6a,5v6sd moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you kza,5 7 n s6t,-vmpdv:a x6thxwould find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a8 vash 19piyj( moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined axvv7(jyzjjev 4)a/ ,pdoi 6(es $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a sp axof)z-lo +(dtptt 93ace ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earltoo)t+ fx apdt9z(3-th predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving 1q 1eizgq(aw+/+gax i object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that app z)fji yn-.-vproaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observef p).z-i vny-jr,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length withoy.e3i acj-. h a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a sta..ieoy3 ca hj-tionary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of-,hu5mn no sg; the partic,uno n;- h5smgle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum ofm q;bm+ (6av)w0o9rb s) oxhet the particle+ )q6oao(thewb)9 sm0;bx r vm

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high sp2v/b-q tzle 8e3ezx9aeed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving s z/xq-a2b9ltee z8 ev3pear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a jfyr*ajb t6yo 4l tq6a.-i8fu/ 5 .;hjuhdz+bspeedy proton when its relativistic mass doub/;j6b6t+z j tiu-f5 qya4yfd.lb hua8h.o* jrles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its rel69byen slci9t:3 dsd.ativistic mass do.n l9s9esdiytcd3: b 6ubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle o- ts 2 0uhuebn2x(6updf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travja7t*g7m ;h; h 8fcpfhw4lon5 eling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming fro afmochp;f7h; 7nh54 j8gtw *lm the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followi. bonrt5 1msc4k p(de-ng depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you ; :*s;mi5udx1jhival+x-bl xwould observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative adk*87 l*u yxfto the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the 7adu f y*x*l8kboat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to t8plh0oio;-x//h.xg i) nrs le he shore, does it move in a river that is flowinpleh/lngx;i/. h)8- 0xio orsg at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relativesl-ve/ *0teb b to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m*b-s be/0let v/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be xhjz; g..w**+,k -n o jklkzrh-jrh5u observed by a stationary observer as rukjkj -hu.og*w;+rz ,l-x. krzh5*n hjnning at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a no,u;d-q rohp )onstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceoro pd;),u h-qship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Cuf6m q 0o3x+)d(g91l uyrhjyaourtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earthd 6+l)1xqogy(h 0uafu3jmr 9 y at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin bra)f ttdw9q,fb,/(uxv other takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the /wxtf,, 9 b td(fuaqv)Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward ylws(o86ev9v+ uds xqw6e 1 hl7m-vj 5sou with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contra3w. awd6- y)flx(yqu act to half of its proper length (as observed by a s 3aqwdlxa6f w)(u.y-ytationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spacesfi.sq4y 7h 4+bztr +nzb7,fkyhip is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what lengt qbn7,4y+. b ik sr7tzfzh+4fyh does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar 3mq(t(32es ewc.ntny system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. Wha3 .(tns(ytenq ce3wm2t distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 l+ h/t4mh gakb.v)bf)iight years away. A/t)h+4g hm)ib bk.vf a spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our so,djd vr7 .m0b)a ut 1yaxf,h)qlar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much taq7)xdd vjm)r bf ,uy,01t.ahime would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? 3c0v 9k qbge-z(The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a pro3sg3wvf:) abk ton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your sp6p1h:9u*hdhfkt0xzgkpqn 1 3aceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase 3*h1phtd: qh fkkgu90p xnz61 by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in c;c x2*xqjlu( $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lo.(h/;1ii whx2oz ozdh0 rv(ye ses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if(h9d rs2xynf ( 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction?(dsrf n92(yh x

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalee)g ;,gzm2 trvnt to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was droc 7w zobracka5z 8j7. g5(+umcpped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of azk(g a.c7jub m 7+5c8zwocr520,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton i d*y26cy 7 ep*xcpgo(xs 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the proto py6cg2**poe7cy xx( dn?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total eneryyyu q: j1ioo8ak;o(+afh4 c:0 j5ca(itn/zsgy. What is the momentum ino :+oo(h4citu(s 0y8ai/cka f:1qz 5y; jynaj $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction it-ht xz(t4 si-n which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in wo qsp-x.m51-kvr( foihich $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electro:u i(b8ccrwj 5y*bow-hg )yj /(bm,e3o gro+gn moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass a887qu )puugt.4yues from rest 78t ea 4ug)quu.syu8pto a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ++qn02-.huhi cvvn or w9ho;i$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor dz( ,lfp b)qc3has its mass increased with )fd(lpqzbc3 , respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c.ke1on8c ctv/.hz* gc:b. zm4 nxcuh*2 You measure the speed of light from the e/2c hzccvg.b*knh1znut 8c x 4.:*mo Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. Ivn fgq ,m)pncp,(0lw7f thewn ,vgpqfm(0pc7 n) l, ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a spemoly obxae6qf7-fdiz)6v/ ;7 12eetded of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from th2y)am d7 1t/q;zxe66 eefobfd iv-l7oe headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. .m oy4bitx0n- The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the mi-moi .tnx0by4 ssile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away frsw+zj/wd/ ;uepw-tdpx4m o 3;om the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of theesmu; ozjxpp3w ;w/d+d- t4w/ missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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总分:61分 及格:36.6分 时间:不限时
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