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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for dzo /ov2l7dcq4+ben. you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should y7.bvq/eoddn col+4 z 2ou do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designe1xtx*+nd qizm)p v 21ad to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their5nad91z atkr;i 2sp+l experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer your (r2ifzcjvi- 9self if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity /p(liz6 f gv id9t6.xgprinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovagsr: yp2y,rt7ble assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativithl ez .t. j7o2t1csiv/y

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formu q1x2yg-yrjlca-: ns7lating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are ther:al-1g7y ycq2 jsn-x same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate 5-sz+ahq c.u (c+-etaqil k, pax/6dze 1l1 ziof special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of specialrjrhu6t8hy+4)xb/ c w relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving 1tcfsa qg pb06a6p v.5away from the Sun at a speed close to t.c1 b0 6avpfgsqa 56pthe speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a*z t6b ,e2jcz /xp(hzowef:5v moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definedg +y:wpz ;,uweht p+p. as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space zm sfi/y5+l ou4i. (qsship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut zy+4mi/sq usio.fl5( twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objecwd iiykb2e: ex/08 7fut

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that apprxr:sck:b-lt/yz pqt+. ,axa+oaches the velocity of light. :t+qzkar/sxplc xb:t-y +a ,. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity thatow dwoz6 ezf,8v7xhj 3 zdculmg0(/,; approaches the velocilxz7g o d(cwdm8;w,f,u ze/z6 3h0v ojty of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the partica oy(f3/ jni+jlef+o iaj/3jn(y

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lio3z ez5:m0 7gi ku:blgght, the momentum of the pa:b iulggz3 7:mkze5o0rticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you mb,9u 98e oqzqtk9d.xveasure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude thatu.q,9tx b8vkzod9eq9 the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy v,o4cb(gl+sl o//mbd proton when its relativistic mass doubldb+ o/4bgo mcs(llv /,es?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of ajoo:tyj;q b9/49hhxx*n ke x9 speedy proton when its relativistic m yj* q/xx;9 b:hojh4noet99xkass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of / .ic:3.dn+ea ihygcmmass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in h2gy. uul6 tb24tyae *a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measureu.2tbhg 6ly *4euyt2 a for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followingtyc2y8+9fiq,8uc y tl-g7 q2bw9u ieq depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaces: c ja no+ tme89z;b6dvym0h/whip increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. ts+v.azgs*s)x p 2 d9vajn 73mtoe9 y1With what speed, relative to the shore, does it3 t) as+19xg7ntod aspvsjv*m.e 2y 9z move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 u uf ma+z/fq 9qrdj rp9frm-y43q(*7r m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, do u*rq9 rp7m( /r ffq mq9z-a4+ju3yfrdes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sti*)3+bn6grcf)w k( nl l zjlfw:ll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, ):zwnllf(cb6gw j)lk +*f3rn does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationhu*o:z4uyxey, zlq.7 ary observer as running at o ul7yu 4:q.e,*oz xyzhne-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a poq v3a: /mf:qvlanet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship.v3a:fq/:voq m If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. n jv)h4- g(8s.4dtq5;im avbeuo9if dWhile Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around adunh4v q-ao8g4 ;jdi9t .) 5es(ib fmvnd comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a s2 ix+pm tjkk(6peed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to tk (2+tipx mkj6he Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is ifqaelx9f09;qm2 f z1d 0te5mmts length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket/w4z l*xm1gs1 s9p r* 2fhhlohy:1l4ev2z jmn ship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as l fjv/2nr9 slmwzeh:4y 1 *mso2hp4h z1*l1g xobserved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travel /lue1, 4) q dvbevdg9*otvk.qs by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length v 9bdv,lv/d .q ekgoqt1u)*4e does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our s 5 tvm+23daoi0wsnd 3v qk+pa;olar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the stap3i vt5v++w;qddk3a msn o02ar. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light j*8dmus5jfhiq; cfi8r2 c7lsc35fo 1years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels towa7ui1fs;*23fo 8c8m5irscf hqljc j 5drd the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alt h6ab+rof /:npha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a consfabot/ +rnh6:tant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest m.hupzvt0 i6k9 ass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mav92o6t o/wmww ss?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from*d7g1b ldfr r: 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase bdf* 7brg1:dlr y

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumko7f1iu9h v9 u a2nt sb*b(g)y4m5xra in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element losesa 4qm** e1b xgx-3plab $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be release:q7 8jsji :65lmb;wpqx *-hz. armomcd if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactionwaxz6 mq.78 5jmq:m c;-or:*hbjs l pi?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogrje-r/* 9(e/ry8u/ gk xit bplwam of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that w6 :dqde)ww kd t *+ndxa4cln87as dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It rdw:nlad n6c8d+*k d4qext 7 )weleased energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What7rcwv h m n,571oro.vr is the speed of the proton?1r vvwor5mc.rh7 no 7,

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. 9.jox9vq(boq,oge 3b What is the momentum 9o(9j3 beq ovo.x gqb,in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is releasedcz0b g yllp9 6-e8sst9 (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost rq93hg*8xij b. wz qs3during a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of x u:b,sh+s )ydjw8+o/ et(ilv0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are :ihvra3:u bkd))qmk- required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to au:kv)hrma 3i:q- )b dk velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, :fv8 xvg ujh5+$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increaselme)7e )rey b8/nrv k*d with respecml*)eyv8r 7n e)brk e/t to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from th9 kgv bzu5 ti p(u,;lwi59qh 4erzw+7qe Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from theeh+p9,5r4 lqitz57 kbq9 v zw;gu(wui Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling thk/7mpju1q ) a64btrxz; ;) cksaugwqm:3 r m-srough space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ;qk mb;j1rsu-s k 36a ua 4gt/qm:xcw7 r)p)mzships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80 /ag.yahqby 5(sd 98tac. How fast would light travel from the . qagsa8 d(5/bty9ya hheadlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The 5s 6gn9xfy2v:f;a6qcy51t c yt 9dwzy 6g dvm-spaceship then fires a miss tavcmy fcs vy66:1t5y5gxydg2z9 nwdq;f 9-6ile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away fromk4 exo)pg4p yfk4si*9 the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative)e4kpx* go4yfs 9 pki4 to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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总分:61分 及格:36.6分 时间:不限时
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