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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for 3 +rxiyk3mp6wyou to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the sh36p xyimw3rk+ ip is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed tosuposzj*5,n 9b6+uqh measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of theih5itfqc:7c q;. 2zpm;tx2ceh v+/ kg4 vnp(kbr experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use h ,;zfgijr5 p9the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle.f. 5fe;sp kc:m
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian rela3l 8a5ywgxco6 tivity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rela8f 4sch/+:popi t2mgotivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's po kiz. g*;c,gb h8 ;l(yrc5juckstulates in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws ofjgcurkb* ;5hcigy(,l k8.c; z physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special rel8jq v s w(fep:8htjhtcl( t.)0ativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulatb :dvymb/m -x.e of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaces -xn znp(*fvlrx/+v3hhip moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of v(nzv nlxrh-/px+3f* light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary ,.vii1 onlpyj1r zo:*9xaf67 :f smfjobserver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is de.yqysbk1m.tr 9 lp/c,fined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a sy: c6vwt+a(2hgif+ (l8yr jabpace ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the ajb w:+ 8c+a vrtil(2y (fhyga6stronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving ozl d+3sliq )7dbject

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parall7ft +o3rwjb1zh6,wpz (:sflnln+ ,cqel to its length with a velocity that approaches the 3z:,,1+ qtbzrjsl (7 +fnpcfh nlwwo6velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length witr/jl oe i06r*nh a velocity that approaches the velocity of ln6r0jor*el i/ight. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lighf(u 16uxe;d mot, the mass of the particleu 6;m1e dox(uf

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentumo7rq0n nhay 3 /:*fp:wjwg/us of the particlh sw:3y :n ro n/gu*0q/waf7jpe

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed q/ud-r4utd7n . As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that therutud47 /n-dq moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy ol.ot rt3/2 1 l;+qg:qsw/iig em8nznk ,) qqxrf a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles +tr:q);.wzt s3,2igg xqqemiqkl/1/8lnno r?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic ene h7;yq2xp4xf 1lvl7lorgy of a speedy proton when its relativ7x41f;phll q72 xovlyistic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mobb:1lhh *g/*dvxq .kd b,k6a - (epwuass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at m .0t;o4nax7 aphh 9 z0jz9dbh5)qpem0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of ligh4 5z70hojx 0a ;he qzbtmnphmp 9d.a)9t coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followie251fhh*suwd +st1ping depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of yourqc)igj,m snr/k40i-2wff w 3gyhp3b( spaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed,ugyk+j kc i81k:)yo3k relative to the shore, does i3:8ckku1 i og kjyky+)t move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. i1e-sf1r sz9 -orp8 oz With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing ozzr --8sfo p1e91rsiat 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relhqf75p4 j zid-ative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 mjiq-7dhfzp 5 4/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel l11uiyv9v mx(z*oen /if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half 1n/i o9(e z 1l*xumvyvits normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a 46x, cnuw1u+rxuxi6 jnonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on n6 xuixw6x +,juc1 ru4the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 year,spm2sg 0as*+9ic pbqs old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a spee*pcs,q02mg 9isbp +sad of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.8w)s nu 5-n*ci18h7fqtk2tzfr 0c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brot1i)fhr q 7s8n5w* fntc- zkut2her?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is movinb,fy t j1kla/wo/k /6pg toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its protd 6nipa9jlg(o5++wo 7d6g jcper length (as observed by a stationary object)?+lgg5p7ico 9d dt wjoa(+j6n6

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 *7 dkv fw1alm66c i+ldm when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it a7fm1+d6k*6a cdl lwi vppear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar sge/fya 26z z)xystem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years 62 zzey/g )fxaaway. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauh:lvr6dh-n )5rbc- qcbc ;, wq 2/elfn)q4xdi ri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on xfir2blnn)w)h;6:cdcrd-cq/h-5b4 qv ql ,e board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our s q 0,aiwyc1)yqolar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travelsya q)qc1i,0wy toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its ma: 6t2bcg3w)v5m xvrt5b p4sk bss? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton 3rr,l* .(,crmisx,7)x fc xghsy.jnnf d*9 gxif its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then;+ z nuyk,qwo ,q1)pc /uzr(zo your mass will increask uqzwnu 1zc),p ; +q,or(o/yze by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in:cdhq 3acg ak1-1 :g( 5wkrnrt $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemyppns 9o( 9wx/ent loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy woulb 1you9w+ c9w ul+(ctfjn6z i)d be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactioy+un+ f ojibc)6tcwzw(ul91 9 n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent tod0 ki -5:4,qdajd hogj two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 1)saff1)0 yzce 40,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tonssce)f 1yz )fa0 of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a pzt ,8wvo)ykuc30. p, nrj;ok7cs pz +oroton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the protoowpz3z;j,vo pu kyc,7tnr8+so 0).kc n?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Whx0y (s h-t fwr6gcsy6.at is the momentum in y(yhrgxstfws06c .6- $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (inx ,knmpej -w4: MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a rbgdh:v w(v h0s2/k+s; n4;roto7cg(a kp; egb eaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.952) elut8(x j3rtll0 hsc?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energ7 x umw)vj)*goy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.866w)um*xj7v) go c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, z6qf bu-vhjm9q) sy ;-$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated a.j;p a8oy+mu through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest m8aap;jm o.yu+ ass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the x xl156 l6:i-)hi xm;pkiiacmspeed of light)k:xli-5 iilm;iam h1pc6x6x from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. Imb ykm0h;eb/8gg 1a a3f the ships are headed directly towarmyh/g 1 ga;k38 abemb0d each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling wjx 3 v84jncmr;g cxl69w c 7gnyco0)2with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headl7r8 cn xmog0cjw;x wc2jyvgl6n c 39)4ights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. jk93vp6 c9zavnf:( fxdnca8 1 The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earthcfnzv:6ka dpv91n ac jf(98x3 if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Th;f., ur6zl5 q,lxy dhke spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired towa,dq.;r6 ,lyfz5 xk luhrd the Earth?

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