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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spacp,nq:s5sauz qc8 .cb- eship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is zasqcscbqn,- 5 p:u8.stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley expiw 2yd63xa6ac1l i;hf eriment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from t7shp)e5 / hld d,oc2ljhe results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use4.n1b2.d0hvtym xma yz5/x lk the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princi:r3bkq50hs ,b+ duxx rple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativit(huul3*dl c)ub;w,qaj bz; (ry.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativityxfpw6j77 aec:x5z -a2q cgr6 ug +vsva zw3(f-

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in nc*8m51jf s+xl we jn4formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference+e 8*w1lsmxfnc45j j n frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special re;:tdj8)s +iqg mx 1bvglativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of spec)fc98.5fgrwl+kab 7k wx - *x8nk ybriial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulz4y3rb kb8l+h)k xx0dse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the spe r0k4kxz3)+l8 dx bbhyed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationarz ;af 5ud3(qsjy observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defi8l/*jfm:b 8hxbl9k)k 6cpno f ned as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ric.k cne 6h1m.bde in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts h6..k1n emcbcthat the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a station 7l/fj)m)wp 9mdhihl3ary observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel kq:4- u- do oft+5bmxgto its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, a5-x-qog tudf m :4o+kbs measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directio7hp up0r-2 2tc:m3kp b)sdzva n parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary obk 2pdt2m-7bca0u3pz:v s) rphserver,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approachesms) kg04u5oh f the speed of light, the mass of the particle5o) h4uf0s gkm

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of t ytgn*l*g+ /sdhe partgs/y*l+td *ngicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you gjuuf: fa6,5a at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's masa:fuu6, gaf 5js must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton yf ,19eepg hw0 y6qge3when its relativistic mass dou3eghfge9yye0w p 1,6qbles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its rr bvdr:b1f. k4elativistic b1: vrd4f.rb kmass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of nx/s n(7 7 uf;;9 fkjkp(tihbkmass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A isbf-va7dt8w hcbo)a( n 4g:c0g moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming fr) ncbg-owc74:( afhad vbg t08om the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends i5 ,6sj)sqfufywjqy9-/h0 ebon the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceshil,y 55neu- csf rf4(dhfau3t*p increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spv5xy.lawq(g mj*6(mgwyfaa-9 ln5 9beed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river tha5ly ax .a*(wv mf 9gyjl-w5 (na6b9gmqt is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With p+ mt,9s8qh 3dnuwed8what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is headnwp3 t8dd,m u+9qs8heing downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.it+chp(rpfo 5qbxmq:0f5v . l22)ow6dv3kld 0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flow2 lofd5 o:v3 )r5 .b+l(2tq6kcmhdpvpw q fix0ing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obk(g:h(qm r1e gserved by a stationary observer as running at onehgm qkg((1:e r-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 ewg9uj7juv +- hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on thej7gvu +9u-j we Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 y(ud 6 k i/d10 fpld7h1aqo1dk(qr xe8years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old ise1 ld rddpk/i6hk1q8fx1a du 7o0(qy( Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 c ;ry,euxkru1, 0 hmmd;;m3ad years according to a clockymu ;;,hde rm,3cax 0ur;dm1 k on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its le dty3,jh05vnit:v7y ga*8rc xngth?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to mo1kd +-)aeofv xve to contract to half of its proper length (as observedo ax- devf+)k1 by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 moq2l s )*7ymllbg)qi9en.j g(n *1qqs when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it a 1*iy2s(mqg7* n9qso lgqbq)el l.j)n ppear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Cep-9ay+6hp htjntauri, which is 4.30 light years away. j9ty-6pp hha+ A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system i 5wrl8qjf 1r0:n4ntwhs Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the str nrl0nj 5wf hq:w184paceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centa+qpr+ 6q*a,z; ywaiul uri, which is 4.30 light years a*al py6+urq z,ia w;+qway. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mad85wni s* bqh(ss? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass i(sqsenk ox,+4s twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then yourpd85 jrdj 57fx(zgm,d mass will inc5jzd8(5pf,md7d rj xg rease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum io1qq0o do 1c **kq*nl/;ikndbn $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lka1-/oi uzzg1a 8j-meoses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released i3*w9lmq/yh mc ij34o1kx z v+nf 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactiz4m9x c/ kijnlq13 wvm3y+h *oon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram ofphge9 8iq3 o26rc6mgmp;7 iiy mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped onz +3zcit*s qz; Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 t z+*;ict3 zqszons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Whqxc1m2e.l g ;o4a lzj5at is the speed of l1gmo;4.zelq5x 2a jc the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a pr3up u u1fj .l981 shlg:-iup)q7kqhtioton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentumjsku .)gi t9fhl il-1h1pu3p uq u78:q in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) durini38dti z)uc13 ,gzuw ng a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a react)8tx qdi8ds 9epcv wzu, 7-qt+ion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95ccyi /+vgc,.r*4kiuw9. c fryf ?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to acceleri 1f:ovhsj +5mtd-b ,d, sajt+ate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.866 i:fbjo+dv+h 1 mas-dj5,tt ,s c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 2vngx +daz479u+ rqjchf5zi,$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass6qh03 0tvpswbt )m zi2 increased with respect to its rest mazbt63p qv m t0w2sih0)ss?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speos45aa3 c3trlwohm4, ed of light fr43m4haw 3tocsao r,l 5om the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relatif:7,knwvkk: rh 2 dm (j6u) m0ac5gzogve to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measur 6cd mo,::uvkg7)kfa nmgjhr2k0(w z5ed by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast wo 7u3 w(y ,aosggrc:hat*+s2 jtuld light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to c,7(gg2s3wayujh oar+ s*tt :a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Egq 17k) uesp)karth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on th sk7 gu)kep)q1e Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Toka6 0:eky t-ihe spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50i6 :to0kk a-eyc relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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总分:61分 及格:36.6分 时间:不限时
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