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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autoconfig.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autoconfig.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V gra(i /9 jwwgtk 6*e2ba0kz y0btwph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no chanlr l/l2hvm nj;+na cp/s*6p( age in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, agtw(v9gs ;628 xhe md$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change;xex7r;etq 2 dn) 34z hq,jqqb in its temperature. Thin);zhqj tx3e2qqq; x ,b er74ds process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermass2khfxht2 rb+o2. 6dlly from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that +tk2d2r h.sxso 2b6hfcompressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-habrmjdd, jno;8oq-x2 ky3p 8h/lf its original volume during an isothermal process./,n-mrx hdoby jp o8kq3 j;82d The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 2l f3/i yqyeyn-9chv8k5j1t2z llg0nL to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following stal/qj 3yiy592czl 0 12-lfk8hv ytgnen tements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the eve g 4ufu+m5i d)m+x :cu;t2wunsnt, the gas exchanged no he s:+guw u)xnum2fmtdu4 +ci;5at with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,b9xcg1cmruyb w,z1 ;2 $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its o2p 9 nxyfa4u*rxf- )2bvex1s yriginal volume during an aduvxnf1 se9pxx4y-b r)f2* a2 yiabatic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical xd+v o3 vto92+q2d d2xfhykz5in all respects except that one contains+oy329v2 2tvdz h+5xoxkdq df $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders gnahrz ma:gw90ja4+ 1of gas identical in all respects except that one containsanwagam94 g +0j:zh 1r $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram i6 gx pae07i,tnp4ox( p)rd/ix s an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no chaf+ap3ufou37 h nge in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermod 42(b lsi9*v w3oxnmcyynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it.dy8k -/eiy8 hox ia./y This proc ed-i8x/yk/o8 y.h aiyess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas agb 6syf51* xfat constant pressure. As a resu15*fyax fsb6g lt, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram isy c5m(6av3iq) i zi(hznuh 1mg04+jv u


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process,byxg(n 969gh,1bo6 yz d3kxp b there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of theb h*+y 6(noivl.yef n5rmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is addo fbb(e,d 43v /vhvi4ded to it. This process 4f , 3(dodehb4biv/vv is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sam2pp. t+i -r*0nzw-v39fj0snmqmwpy uple of ideal gas at constant vo 0n0w q.pn*m- ymruvswt z3pfp+92j-ilume. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynafv/w7exb yl76,2ri0;bntt kc f4o n- amics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to9u(hls9e 6bga lu nvxiw,8j1s 6s5 5 d8;bwvjb a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to ,wk6 kk6meu:h a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics acxz+52esx22rbu - 5hqn rk0ecz cording to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustw6 e7t +i*d:s;yyzme y9bxga. rated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on thisyys6g+wyt 9b :z*x e7.dima e; cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a hevd 9(7dkk5pz 5)tf 6ej:ob-h.oe gr yqat engine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot ena)vz zb *66qs:u2g wu k8o(smfgine is to be 100%, the heat sink must besm(kwo: us ab2)6vq*fzu8g z6

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consist+aa x w6h)svv* s+:j9 blqc6lis of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of the6+-ucl ec k7zsrmodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratihya hio b15qw0c 9(:qdo of hyw 01hqbqic5o:d 9(a

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio o(fvls, *jk0loy hij*+f

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entr joto96e hwdiae )a.,8opy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for idm2p.x es)m:any process that may occur within an isolated system, which onex: m.)sdiep2 m of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of ++ 5kocgxz ,3aa1nv xpiyx22tthermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads udubrsz06btq/f k 5kbq);c5 (cfm5 vi/s to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is reif ,*re,g65k9zdci ye moved from an ideal gas. What is the9z,6icye5rfg*k de , i change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of hea-zocrf(jy 4 .yb)pio 8t is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done 8-foy4ro yj).c bp z(iin the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas s,m3wd b2 fq.6kjmuv x18)zod2mz n h:jystem in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is th d6kmnv3x,j2uwzhd1:qo8 mj2f)z.b m e change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressif ,0+8dl ttc8mdfnz(gng a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal e0fm8cdtn+ ld( tzg,8fnergy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. 4x47ltzozu81kss o(,d, sx* ox+g tdn What is the change ko x xtx(,utzg74+n, s*ss4odlo8d1z in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric procesx.g7nf w3 bee1bjy i10c-j5thvcs6m 46 *ljaqs, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the w 70 4-.6x1 ge taeci*jjlm5wf6 sjnchv1b b3yqork done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal enwtypn+7tk35jyr07i l ergy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exchanw tn+y 7 r57ji0kt3plyge?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas x6apjq: hz ;:fis maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energyfz: :jhp;x6a q from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy i k.+ a.fu7nuvms removed fronmk 7a+ u.ufv.m it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kddiu4m (e i5:n:wn+dm; 9e szpg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receivesxxsj93x r*01 d c3akaf 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficiency acdfjx 93xx3 ak1r*s0?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heo:n5ixl1-vtb/iy sg la)1es3 at per cycle. How iy x:anlse-it/3 l1og b51)v smuch work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receibs(gzn43k jjg:;t evqxkl85d0. kbn; ves 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it8k;bk(bg3qe gsz xd;n.v nt0j: j45lk exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of he 9c hqn1h:7l5h*qwz orkwr9/dat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficienc wrhkr7:wdcn9 oh91q* q zh/l5y of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausvr/8q rcpt28yts 42 kcal. Calculate the workr8qy 2p/ rvt8c done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the u4mf bx22tt5ynq(6 pzfollowing characteristics: combustion4qxp(nyuzbm 2t6ft2 5 chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient en6nm qoxgty:(:q p5s d/gines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chaq:q pg:/(m sy do5n6txmber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines yck+ qr- 0eh :bmepdf*ra2c(5 q/ rf8kbuilt so far has the following characteristics:0cc/2f *ek:8p qabr -r+ m5qyf(ke hrd combustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The 4y +zn+ yazx;o1k.ryhplant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gene+ 3gr ba(ctp(r2xamrs8 +oz/hrates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plagpv: 57kh+3/gee xfne9. kzcant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates owa2bvj eag3q/ 3uu 931+qngz between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine op;-g4t:ferv iq .v vn/berating betwq e bnvir;4tvg/- :.fveen $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%91f b6i)x6fh)menbs p. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperatu )6p1i9sb fxnfbeh)6mre of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating beth w q8.pgiy trm1y: +2aql7h(cween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the raa wsa wh(2gaviy+m+43te of 20 kJ and3v2+a w w m(sai+4gyah ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at thr,-um v xt y08qf6*vire rate of 20 kJ anx8ri rv6,-q y tm0v*fud ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigeratofwfkibyijw5( (;p)+lh0 omt:r absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 35jb0)yfm wht+ 5i(io wk( pf:;l6 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in ej8r7s uy9ql/rfua 7l.ntropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezesfdb*) :afa. jy, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and it*/l0 q-4xiw.5whpth7h7l0i ae ua cjgs entropy changes b0*hlauaxi0lq i .t7j p ch47w5w-ghe/y
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at e)iwo ft82 ;zq$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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