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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autoconfig.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autoconfig.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V grkl 9f+43zzswt1u 8(c wn(dhb oaph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal procesu2+pin4+j,q pad 2wl js, there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of 8c ileob8*9qel 1;jpjthermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in itcnk0 3uq sk t(;g.(ctms temperature. Tqm t n(gs(kc3tu;0 .kchis process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally fromx3i: usgm,2x lo( zg3m 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What mzx,i(o3sl3 m:x2gu g is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its origina3 1gs;bcfm*vpnx 7si ,l volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of the ;c7sfs i1m x3vg,*bpngas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During thizhw(1puii y,xi13q . fs process, 6 J of energy is expended by the externw3puh11, ifzqxi i (y.al mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isop bzq20,l8ync 12zdpflated environment. During the event, the gas exchange2bp y qcnp8l201 zdzf,d no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law ofh 1dqq) saqmmqi082 /n thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume du l 0us,0lber4n zcunwj, kc7y7rz 139rmafn+9ring an adiabatic process. The final j 73r abn 1+ ,9rsnzu,m7ywc094 zckeflnur0lpressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one contb*tsxlvf2:cbs vt (* 7ains f2l b vxs:cs*vtb(7* t$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects excemw5s/qk :bhbw z0 9d;ept that one contains ; zk:0dbb/9 m ewswhq5$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is an 3a evnujk04b/hce g) p9gdz9;


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there i+dsmo9tf fu3 oo, q3(is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo3vwhv- 6fug5v dynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is add m9 zh6o wkh*ycu5z3bn3;g3 jded to it. This process iz3 hk nw3u5coy3jb6z*;h9 gdms

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transfnziy0fdfbb sl(1p2 )d w6h:)q;bde7derred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, theq :ddd;hyf 6 7sbz(ni1l20pbdw )bef) internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagramj kkgc/f27l 5-ah goh2 is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no change in0g2 xh c;*mily

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody 4 h4: 1.d3pchhltoga-+v tohwktz+/tvk a,* dnamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is avtiy6/zfw, m7 dded to it. This pi/mywtz f7v 6,rocess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy ar2j9wqw5bh ob/ 1dt 0uux6dqr.e transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energy of t5xdw/wb 0d1.jb26uho r q9qut he gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodu/8v .s ieet6dynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hok+ned/ zs0o f2t reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot rest5n 2z5la4n awervoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of therm4yr-7ugc8 hbe gd98 voodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. D6:/c ip8n. zypi/yxc buring one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on this cycle?8y:6zb ./xppcyni/c i


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat el.5bjo2a4 1p 8kdqzxl ngine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, th 8t)j7 8;3bvo4gi e mdhh2fwzo95qf sge heat sink mub8ejt3q4i gmh8dvo;29 7o g)hsw5zffst be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists o8 s7bjbmjyt5, f

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thn,6qmtt v /a+rjd73y iermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the r/ui5byk(nj .lr 8g*g ,vaop i7cl6gv0atio o.*by/ j,avli g gig 5noc8pu76v0(rlk f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of 9-i28p0zy m dfji2; a +fppjbia heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, tq9w0*ugz i hd9he entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any p3r)q4 0tqo lvroj2c 3x sek,,2/stv gcrocess that may occur within an isolated system, which one of2ts2 qk qrv , s)oecrgv ojx,ct03l43/ the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the seeg,;- f m ,fj)wxotz9pcond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynkf cua18vbi4qum/14np;gpd e27m l i8 amics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat rx+q2l7 gb:n t6 /nb m bbli4f+avrc9*x7v2peis removed from an ideal gas. What ie anpl:9 4tblbqc2g7+vrn2+i bm/rvf7x6x b*s the change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5. 2du,3otkco7t 0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the woocku 3o td,27trk done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isotherfk h o4gui6k,(mal process is -400 J. What is the chkgkf4iho (,u6ange in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is th65zaiq /l .iyre change in interrl6.z/a5y i qinal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adit 5;kjx wryz,3g(yko) abatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is the change 5z;( wjyxgryktko ,)3in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases b4zus 38sn n(xtu- o-zev8k u(ly 50 J. What is e-u(n uk8z-lsx3(su n4zv8to the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric proczj sk: zwl.,.2 3ithquess, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is th.ztjs,z.:ku i l23wqhe heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constank1qcrmz-f-ceqx b/ (/ 5 gl4lwt volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy frob5(cmcf we q r1k-//zql4- xglm the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K a+yz0 3nz;n, st xlxt:at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of g:+ zx ;x,zatntynl30 sas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of 6 )wgonut j)/zt1o(dqwater at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is ti2 rjr(2ewbi m/ +4tsnhe efi( rm42rw /t bej+isn2ficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat my(;;mchzv-n per cycle. How much work does it (nhmcm;v- ;yz perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle.xf*hgnhr 7n;s.vcf )( How much heat does it exhaust in eac*g)n7x ff(.n vc;hhs rh cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and i bl-mxul6-t 9exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the li-m6 9 u-lxtbefficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and e :uwx-gsz p:/l (uej0gio +k.hxhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each + g le.pg :uu- wxsik0zo:(h/jcycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far 7of+ 9cxa9q yhhas the following characteristics: combustion chamber temp qcx99a7hyof +erature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient enginesw kha dmga79b hl5*ex5 ma, pm15stv75 built so far has the following characteristics: combushas9x amk 7m ab tveg55h7lw,5*m51p dtion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the follcbih bg6**uoe:l g:v4owing characteristics: combustion chamber b6lve *uig4 hbgc:o *:temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant o7nvtyr og -)t,xdhr:nbt+3 srj2(e1 uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 6h+kw.-c:wuk s00 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW okz h2q4ivzge rjlv1i+yt0 989 f electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot effi3 uk)/zhm-cbt ciency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency podvidihd k+t:)i+y.,k u 5w b1essible for an engine operating between ib vi+kukw +d:t5) de ,iyh.d1$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine j-jtpygajgi8 5m,1m7is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir i,1jjapimtmygj 7 g8- 5s $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating bi*z:14li qmt ietween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the frex.ee3dhw+u (q 8sj d0yt be7*zezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in easqyw (je0b3*zx 7de8+ du h.etch cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compf)j : 5sreul1hjhh9/l artment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the co h:jlr)9lf1 /5eshuhj efficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of hekh7l(a6)nvl x at from the freezer and expels (llvkna) 6hx7 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in7 2uvzq6 os.pn entropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the chan vf: q(ptvot4 99abu.uge in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP unde,j2rti+ cydh4rgoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy j trh4i,2y dc+changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at iuxo9vubd2y5 *e,jg -$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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