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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autoconfig.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autoconfig.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is z3)o kh/ow wk(an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no changeq/5 :,3 f l9b/llrfjshfx rcf) in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynami a(bqpa;b8io;r0a4 svcs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to tw 8r4,bnavxzox 3ba adm7d0+6wice its original volume with no change in its temperature. 4 dx6 nb0awxdr7m,8z 3vba +ao This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermallyq (k3t e,8sk.,sbhsvwps 09ae3qa w:w from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the 0t.3ks a,kpq(e s,s w3w: wbsev9q8hagas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed too;q,,k)-w bxfraf0n x,mfl y5 one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of 5o ybf0,;w, afmnxxr)-,lkqfthe gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During +l3ddr6* -v msp15l8ulrg 7kr0r fei gthis process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statemele*63 lvr d7igdrk 8u1s5-+l0 fmgrp rnts is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an7lju s.xqvmw2 c:vf,65m r+nm isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its su w6ju 5m7cmm.vvn:sq,2 xf +rlrroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of +awr-vakq 64tthermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half itss5g5 eg oz/yxjk1+: sfjdm w)2 original volume during an adiabatic process. The gx15j+ ykgsoe wjf/:zd)2sm5final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical i3 59bbrnxwdo; n all respects except that one contains3wnb5rxb do;9 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical iateedh56oh 5 3n all respects except that one contains6eah ot5de 5h3 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV d.iy) bv ,dd.x(2. g/idha;sfwru3 y tbiagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no changz/-8 gx4b nes6zrp; jke in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynac p1zgkx/*a/9xewu+e+ pse w:mics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand a.d2u z( w1wqw9pv nhev/.m:iw t constant pressure as heat is added to it. This prq wvdwwz. 9wu (h.evnm1 p:2/iocess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constt5 x2:yipaj4( e jvr8aant pressure. r:5xeat 4(iav8jjp2 y As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV dzy t),a8 l)lziiagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process,e7gp- r0x nzyf0ccfp77,qnf4f 8yhq* there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynas rj a7g*u 6l,ei mb)b:/yfz8ir; 3uyjmics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand q 0+g:oxak-7 lo k i-p9f6vqxfas heat energy is added tx7xo6 - vagop0+i 9:q-fkf lkqo it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideals)r aejs b4;8m gas at constant volume. As 8 ;4 m)rseasjba result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamics. v(aw+9q fiy*g
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reserpsc8gkok;e y:x 7hz7n 09r9 hzvoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat fro*-m1as gbclb7x;s + belq3(qmm a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law rc59b28qee7pr.kputetc+ ,l mei/4 r of thermodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken througxf 1jw0ggc-h, h the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operaticgxf jhw0 ,-g1ng on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a he: sf9mg q)utckd:9)r mr1c6bnat engine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 1 n;lju, 18:zni hu)ei3e4b 66gdpckdp00%, the heat sink must)u6:ik8 jlebeh;pd6cg1 ipn ,n 4d3zu be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consiq)z xa +t;7epe5bp*o xix6z z;xclw ,)sts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck st03c. * dcanxl-vq-cp1 (fnskh atement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as tho08ad4 . bw p(jh(mlrse ratio oflwj.r((bdmp h 4s ao80

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat 9lauzpy8+:wy 5 nemzd0 aib 57pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy or : 0fykd/f.fof the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the sec /,ngo +ob3ut 6id 9oi2lyiur)ond law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices applg6du,+oyiu)r/n 3o bi i2o l9ties?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the smg )f:b u;sxf/fw o)4pecond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to concludt+m xtmx,-+1kwuj4b5 7gyk vfe that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J ok 96gfg: jq 6,omz f*:ue/qzdsf heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the changemzues:g6g 6,* :/dkzj qf9 foq in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. a ba9 2vzz7v29ely 6jg3lk h2eWhat is the work done in22v2 yhe7ga9blzkl z96 je v3a the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -4dd l (c(d)o7gx00 J. What is the change)l d7goc(xdd( in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressi+d2odxb*)c:t4z b+r r9wuis vptwr8.ng a gas adiabatically. What is the change in inter4c+v9u rsw.o ) 8z2 xdbwr*b:ti+tpdrnal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J dno yr r2(,etiq3m/o( of work. What is the change in internal n/r(i(3eoro tdm,2yq energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the.c -lkpn+8jmw internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is t -.j kmn+l8pcwhe work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. s-hy8g zdk06(edm5tlp(zpejl5v-8a ) cb3w e What is the heat exchzep)5j8wla8k-z36 hct e(emdp (ly0 s5bdv g-ange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained ikr4 bd: ,raw2(mgdw9at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 4(: m,d9rwb4g d kaiwr200 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energ cs k efj1q/c,if/6xb;+y i/bcy is removed from it. How many moles o,fqij bf//c/byk; 1cxic e+s6f gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water 2q.v s+h4k(ay eh 3w,sgetnv*at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat andpa4 zts hky+2-:ac-dv loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the effitcd4 kz ah2+a-:pysv- ciency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency ofnc 3+9s0qdrnmjrm/ uljxa+.; 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much dc+l.njar3 mn +xmu;qj9r0/ s work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cpja yk;p4hys08uz w64 ycle. How mysp4h u604pjay8kw ;zuch heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle a2h*i akp5iezj8k2xwfad , y. /nd exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate. f8ik2yeaj2xadkhz ,i/p 5* w the efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cy 1 vjs 5lhd2mz,ow:,mug/ 1lpgcle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each cycle.v5h g 1 /jmml, pl,doz1:ugsw2

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charan *h/o 0/fvlsncteristics: combustion chamber temp0*/ vos/nhnf lerature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient eng3loot8z eh)a+ ;,h+jv p,oenl :)u ioxines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature = ev3+) xo,t; ,uhho):zip8oeaj+oln l$1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far -wvv:,b rh2eshas the following characteristics: combustio hrv-esw b2,v:n chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric poyk tkwa /:k 3-2bwq-fvwer. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powegwc7aemv /y e79b1*5,ldcm akr. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant got3( eljubh8 2tw1t (o.dwi.uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engijtzct- i07j5o6c/sb g ne which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operask;o; tfo n- 4e7u6efmting betw tne7- os6;o4mu;fkf eeen $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a C*zytm )4 v93qt p+eyxiarnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperatiq3* 4)ytxym+ tzp e9vure of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betfb2 pl sv; *5 eha5m)nzgpe)6lween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 uyfhj 9*72drqr1 .oae kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room pe 9ero.1y*jf7r2 ahudq r cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezingb md/97f.fbl+ mn+ 8jifctk7 p compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance/i cl7 jb+fft7bkfm8md+9 p .n?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of4pqkwsr.eg nk*k 0d 7) heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to thd)n*pr4 .k kg0wkqse 7e room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entro y0:etrv3e/ty: ./ pkmx h/zpnpy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the chix ,* 6gcscbj/rz /okztox +6(ange in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes atq+b) t0 sa7hxn isothermal expansion and its entropy changes by)ba tts+qx7h0
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at 0z7/ly 7suk g9i8suz+ ov3fa: yg3cky4 i0vkr$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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