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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autoconfig.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autoconfig.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on wc )3*e xwyv-9ech , gcgl*mb:the T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no chank,nmyb,ie e2 ); ofc4gge in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, -wx) f4 ,gq*lgwnml-n$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change slnh2dwalh6(e;y .7e in its temperaturee eln hs7yl.6h2w ad(;. This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed is g7i uur/poec+6gu 71xh)a-.wodm,en fw/ d*oothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal enea iu+61 m ,od g7cenef7ww opoudg*.-/) uhr/xrgy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volu7w :jh95fjieedq ao n)*2tth6me during an isothermal process. Tjh dt259eo7hew itjan)6qf:* he final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 4 0*jej k3u1qdk:pjtx+w( q vk6 J of energy is ex *jkjdpv+( u43kx0 wtkeq1q:jpended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed i+rb,ynxkwp/ ) n an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with / ) nb,w+krpxyits surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of/7armv1j mj:iu vl98e thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is comp,e,7kwga :ik a+;y,me9 p v7fk7wckjbressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The wf:97y kjae,g7cm ik ,;k7ab wvpe,k+ final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects excjd f d:75jpx8v*l8 zflyei1e,ept that one contains :ip8 xflj5vd 8d,e*le j17yfz$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects exa jw-95 iebzd*cept that one contains iz9j5bda*-we $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV .0u,v x l4(o0nqefrd/eg4 c:mi er 9uediagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric proce4b*kb n+y 9uzrss, there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyna0ne7o.p yrf91q v7p udmics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added 4niz*d xiot;/59r vyx to it. This proc94/otzid*rx; nv yix5 ess is

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本习题练习题目来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)，学生可刷题练习，扫右侧二维码或加微信skysky1258，获取更多资料
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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are t6 a ;aswja7 i-37nih6yniqwx( ransferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a resi jnn63(6w-a7hswx a qya7;i iult, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram 4(er:jr8 gl sr:o7oek4xt,atis


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric procesp4jy i9wdx, iu3x:1i60nyohjs, there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody 5yrnxsgo6ggo .y6 50wnamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat ensm(1h(rb jb+e ergy is added to it. This procesr+(( se mbhbj1s is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at 19i1(ned abizw9 l3osi ra 06t:0ck/l th6yzw constant volume. As a result, the internal energy of the 9 z:w6ly s0c ( n6ia w0itdh9t1olai31bzr/ke gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of therm)v5e yd 50 ji* ihtpz0/gnv,vtodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer b5hnvf+ ;1mkd+pxp p -heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a bbq/fxx 8kmrzv*i* 7.hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics acc va,9rvf.zs2 s+1,her czjy:w ording to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During 5 bk.4e(ti iwi0:hkq 7iq)nsxone cycle, how much work is done by an en itq.:wh ii0kke75inb)( xqs 4gine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a hpru;kz,( tl, oeat engine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficienka s9w)ry 5ae9cy of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must b9a9)srw5 keya e

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists ofk1 0uxo;;dmayu6cia 0

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamfb38uhp8 .qt;w*i n zfc eb7n;ics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is de(tforp5uwi7pcc*uq0z4. ; hcfined as the ratio ofp5 u ohz(cc 0r 4fut*c.i7qw;p

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) 2 hbd ,ue )2,*ewm qoswjo san2m1zg/+of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the waterm:hoenucd56-c py k 78

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermn wxxj5 6hgl4r 5:mlb2odynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which n w4gm5 6xrl:l hj5bx2one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermody:vf93myk/w9aulx).cvg( lv nnamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to concn;9cu:nyqexx 3xt yy(e-7t :crz5pn: lude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an idea1nhj+t ihm7b2fjga:5 /pipn: l gas. What is the change in internal energypn+7jht1ni bif: 2a jg:m5 hp/?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. W0tvd a3lj lp*0hat is the work d0l0v*al3 tjp done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 Jh60 hi/qxra-b 5b et7i. What is the change in internal energr/ii x6b7 eht-qa05h by?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatnhzhm6,: nrg p1-b m7rically. What is the change in76m1gbh,r- zm nnphr: internal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 2pc*w 2r n9tfp85 J of work. What is the change in internal 9ftnw* rp82cp energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energyl nr raivev3*l*r + (9jeee8.+ pezru/ of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the wov9l+eirjva+r* * up eern8r3(z/e.elrk done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a syst ahag) d wc((xu-b+kb*em decreases by 50 J. What is the h(cab *kx(ba)d-u wg+ heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomizdj3my4iy:8 yc gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feyiy84dy :3z jmat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 83tc6jhfad ;lb4*s/ .g q1 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas ag4lsc ftb *qja/;6dh.re in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of waj : jgh1k0d8piter at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J viy5x0qayxk/ hm6-u 6zl/wb ( of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficiency?xx0 k5 l i-v /ubqa6yhm(zwy6/

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of t2almi cch0 +.heat per cycle. How much work does ich.a2 l+cmt0it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiencypsx;6w 0xdz-) tkw;pw of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exh;dpw )px wsxw0t ;z-6kaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat eac,j3lbgf uk *l p..hj0mh cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of,hk . l m.3fj*gj0ulbp each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calc wae ui 8: g.x;zkhfcm1zz;4h7ulate the work done each cyg c147zuw:.;8ah zzx hm;fki ecle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charactero ik:3yz1o7)(q srzcfistics: combustion chamber t)z o r1y3o7z(fscki: qemperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has t7i(6 3cssuyni he following characteristics: combustion chamber tem 3(iscni7 uys6perature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficien e:2m.h v 60fjqln8ihfw4hi1nt engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber te i0melvihf82 :fw1n .qhh46njmperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses (o xub. .*tzla$4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 Mnhe iq- f,u ;)+ie,mhqW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 6001wqe71vt6h )0 icazo i08idzg MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine wh8jeyu t q*;7m/ k4xwgxich operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theo;w,w+bel( g pf68s3 csn8bqb+ fsvrtybr9 84yretical efficiency possible for an engine operating between qb8,plg(8c69en t4 b+w rb r;8sf bsv3+fw syy$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperao0 lvll4y( mt8ture of the cold reservoir if the temperature of t(lllt 0o84m vyhe hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatin(l76 ui 0pf4gutn 6tqwg between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removeag fy+ut4q7x6h e:gr9 s heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room prge+aquh6 9tg:yf74 x er cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the frid6z*la):5mgs d cj4jeezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ idj:)is6*cdl4zagj m5 nto a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 23 3,lhp zf o,qx;ix+)az0 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 a)li;+xhqz,fp 3 zo,x J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g oie)7g4lsgq4g f ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change i2npe; k(o; su( bkud7mvf8iu9n entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entrd0hy5w :zukidmv6.ma9z6 /w g996 6oteevvp jopy chanzj:6 o hwp k56m9v90 dug/ eiwt.yv6dza6mv9eges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at li qmn-y4jbk9(3gr3 v 3nyao:$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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