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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: physics   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V grw7y o /a12. , lt8qq4km)8ailnjonbqbaph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal prockzh+i bf 7n0.uess, there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermoz1iy mnxhme7a;4 qw ; ;-duj)mdynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in ittawuv-vo5 b0gpf97 gmrkv b . /n;6e;is temperature. This process is6mg ;u-vnf ./5 k9o tevr avp0wgib7;b

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressedvp(r khd2sq86/ k/t,ph9by j y isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. Whdy k,8tp jkpr/y q/6s29( hhbvat is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during08mp j5hm mc *aht0tg0 an isothermal process. The fi phth m8j0m50ta0* gmcnal pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothercg w(r8zfo59t ,c :tbqmally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external qtt8c,gc z b(w :o5f9rmechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the event, hong85/p ))tv )fkfty the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This procesv)8/t)p5g)ff hykton s is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicfo-yf o9ra+n0q) dg5rn7xk( ts, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas-8os.4 vjiuqej/ bqnlv : 2yx; is compressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. T8lviubv42.jx eyj;:/s- nqo qhe final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas ide2 .r*khn s:klkntical in all respects except that one contains srh.kl n 2kk*:$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identicaoe(2jrflgq9n23mn r5l in all respects except that one contains 23ol m9 rne2g5rf qnj($O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV.wm -1 i. cg mqju(q9yx9m,rjb diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there isd-*nz 0tu*evg6est6p no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of tb rsq gbv+5l46hermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat c .(qp u+bvy1mis added to it. This process isc1 +qv.p(umby

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of idea ngyz7xjx4+3g8 w ,zxyl gas at constant pj +yx3gx8 47wz,gnzxy ressure. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram isyo0 .qs:xy(vl


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, s5g abkh0- cz7there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,s38gis9:2e jk he4 yvn88 j kvu3euikw ekt97( $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid *fwr f94gqj(n 3 iid9zcontainer that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This procf9(4rqf n* wdizg3 9jiess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample mblvev,x: z n-0l lnp-ivl, bq;21rs9of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energy mv,lex9bz -- vnlvqir1s;l,2b0nlp:of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynam uj2i-; r3sc p4sk:sllics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transf,n+* z31vskcy t8/ne,mjqdjq0bs j+ 4 ac (wxber heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a5 k97udy-7 qnfhhbue:cm()bt cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynami 33.hxt h;xvo9.isux ncs according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During o/qwpqv q ;77ynne cycle, how much woq7vqwpy ;q7n /rk is done by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratio ofm.tia1m y7dv *

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine* v 6kq*fqu j))aq*r ;mnki;ml is to be 100%, the heat sink must be r;q)6m *ki; )nfqjkuqlv*a*m

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists om+hr;(7 e yhg8oz5j onvxv/an0vce (-f

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of th5o182p8b d5bgi jmnakermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as npql+:7j4 ,sdg* bbx hthe ratio obng4 l,s:*b+ph7d jqx f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as +bh) s(m +hbt1rkjfu9 the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, iq4 h5)ytjpfx,m zhui/jzyx i857po-72 a h; nthe entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the secon(cd9 f,+d+ qxuq.ues03fb k v+y;j ketd law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which ovqxqsk. e , +e+t9 0cfbduufd3y( j+k;ne of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodyna ,podrlxg:y0g :dtv56g+ 8vj hmics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to cs)/gjyt(-- czo p j/zbonclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal proces ks-* y,)5olqbucpq(e s, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change inq s-u,b(ocep5kqy )* l internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal proca, rzvm+-p ukt+1bjg).xiv ,zess, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work donegi,mvj, var.u1p z x-)+kt+ zb in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What 5l26y gf,npm7*ig cupj5 noz3is the chang 5pz26*y 5gfl3num ogi,cp7nje in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatica5(jr1or )smbk) 52rkwo7gavf lly. What is the change in internal energy of thjoor15)k2 w7a5r) rs m fvgb(ke gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while d*h ptvh7g(7/qlou*5 r6 mj otd f9mou4oing 25 J of work. What is the change in internal en mv7*5q7h6dt p mu4of oltg(/r9ju*ohergy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, thew9 pr jy82q4kd internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the dr9 2qk yp8w4jwork done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the i0 usg5u/: svwlnternal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heatug/uswvsl 5 :0 exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as x.k38 sjgigq xj29 o (f:dioy)it is cooled by 50 K. This feaxjy8o(i3io9 g2jkfqsg d .:)xt is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constan qe72oj:d 8q te4-y( f1ybgerbt volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it 7qetf 8byr2y e:4o1eqbjgd(-. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg odu f1q452mjn if water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in ew(p . 3y7cwbhz8(l4+zolum vpach cycle. What is the efficienzpvw 8bcw( mpl7uh.43 +(olzycy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycj+ vq6 tgx8l1kle. How much work does it perform in each c6 tlgqv1xj+8kycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle.lj6 i ps)58) sj,cmksh How much heat does it exhaust ijh85lps,jk cm)s 6s )in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhajjjg4v7)ygivbfr1twnv *6m:+ozd x-+ /0i c musts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency1v/6 yijvmw :4rgx f *jzj+obi+mdt) -7v0ncg of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of1ywp87s f 0xgg heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each cg f7w180xpsygycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficyj e gpg8-a8vq1d)a/7i:v v xw cx*i7qient engines built so far has the following characteristics: qj*av)dqv7cv 8 -e7 xgyi:/w 1 x8piagcombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engq wqnn o+ qjku3.4 k1p*qvlj7m9b5ls )ines built so far has the following characteristics: co3nqqs ukoqjk17pnv lw 54lj9.b)q +*mmbustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charaa-:c:ry o 6mtx27ayl ne9ed (hcteristics: combustion chamber7y6a-9m (letx :ren:hd a yco2 temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pu 41u,l8r:gp c-6m zblix ugf.lant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW 1 0e9 o v9qlmgo*,ywilof electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric po k1gqv:a j zfhmp( 4x31-50rihr lxh1jwer. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot ef0pv ,) d.s6pfuyi hr+,o,vss sficiency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical ,w uioldlpfd2 +xtg)8 m-jst t; w8e9ffly 9.,efficiency possible for an engine operating betweel2pw;ffd )ti l8wgt,u9oyt9m +lj f8x-ds.,en $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is thelb3zopgo ex 7zm(3/y+ temperature of the cold reservoir if the tempepob+ y(eo3lz / g3xz7mrature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating qhcc5+hl, tj/g/bf0 i between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ aj )zk /hjjv;4znd ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is re) jzk4v /j;zhjquired in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 2x:y nf8+;;lvjqu viz3 0 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle3qu z+y f:n8; ixvvl;j. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator abk5 ow 1cmi8l meb3k04vsorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cwm lmbcoi851k ev03k4ycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in en y melf(gko,p0g0.yk56 boqsw1(4wljtropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes,f l/y6s)p;gv t wj,e8c the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal;o6ykcm);nay hmu2ej 6x hb)bs ;h0h+ gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changesxhe; jc60hmu+by;b ;a)sonhm 2hyk 6) by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at wvwfk96uhz8mcw v7 esc-dhyp i+l4 a94ci2.6$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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