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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autoconfig.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autoconfig.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-i 7ho9nver+0q: ,) iwmfoc(svV graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, ther:m3xtx+q +n ywv4dea0e is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of tf)dx1fpr (,ms hermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its temppe)4qy mh xk p9.z*/vperaturek 4)p* yp.pzvxh9/m qe. This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothemt g yhfp)5 z++)bzjv6, nti*armally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is thjm6)btp+ n,vy zgh*5ftz+ia )e change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its originaij8gb8d;* jn, s:q lpruj bs,.l volume during an isothermal process. Tpb 88:* b j,,lgsd .;jnirsqjuhe final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this pro,4 .:tv bh r1eom69 kq)fwhkuflcez4 4cess, 6 J of energy is expende.)lbfu9 k4k ,c r6o zhtmwqehfev :144d by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. Duj4+.ke+ whdsy ring the event, the gas exchanged no hea 4.+dswk+e yhjt with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of therm49+q fwpuc+wtsqu+o;ndn u: -odynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gasm4s tfj .qwzly/1a b)1 is compressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final ) f.l4 z1sjtmaq/y 1bwpressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one cops 3q3a6 mm-w2-auoyintainsum6- pq3iy o 3s2amwa- $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinderg09c)/czzjjd zuy :4e s of gas identical in all respects except that one contains gzcd:9/ 0jjec 4yu)zz$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on tr6dz 1bx0 *-3bz, wb v d2a29uwhltzg1xlvq w8he PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no chann 0oy:t1t9+b orrk bd2ge in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law okyszvnjo/m vk,p* 1 bx i/h5c-m*8ob4f thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at c.( (*f2 snzx 1aio*u5lmcjb agonstant pressure as heat is added to it. This procesflu51s2.m ai * (*jngcxzob(as is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a same lbs;ko) v,.teq+ c62rkt6lvple of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the intet6v+ c t6bl)rlve,k.2ko esq;rnal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram i jo9 )ri7ujx ytla55i,s


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there 0e .7jgweojhvg2c jb;r -; a2xis no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo 2z8y (ui,miec0xkv) fdynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a u.dg n4c;-v.r6kltogiog hs .2x 7jt+ rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This process is.rxls.j7t6 dohotn. u g c;2vgik+4 -g

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferre6h 3- /n5+ le jowk1uere9*prq*cvhcsd to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energy/ o53 uewk9q*crhe+h eln 6pj-c v*sr1 of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynaoe. xhc d824 0a9uejqvmics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a -px8b6 qe3mn:igfgp 9cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?tqbd/y0qaiy ;m eb d9 (ocvl+v*10/ka

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of the /)tl 32*c pwli4kcvjnrmodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During ow4w rsp8gu0 fy91ldk-ne cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating o9 prwuk g-0w l148sfydn this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as thegijiul5iq/j21k52k xn 0sbs5 ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, s(a6+zxvuc horn3 h6, the heat sink must b36 cuoh+,(6sz rvha nxe

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consis m1q 2+yj)ypo /)nnmknts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the secodqcv, /7 .ccdtnd law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perfo h9v .6amiaip/g.f.euzodk;t,ve d(;rmance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of.tduvzpeae . .a(; f6,id ;ohivgkm/9

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump64 ocul mdk-/ c35a q.e hjok/hqb5eh+ is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entroh.gld1y 6j yxyy390z npy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for an7g5ng9 siah l+*uchm0y process that may occur within an isolated system, whic5ngch9l 0mai*+ugs7 hh one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of t)-jiqk na8 o2g- v0ifbhe second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamicsmj5dsb-/mki . leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed fro3n1,ij um xyx* qy8 w/ja,ozn0olo 6,om an ideal gas. What is 3oo ,,w0nyax*1i/6 nz oux, 8qjljymothe change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5r x,v:tjb5zgh.f 0w4u.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is t,vhb4j5 zg twr:xf0u.he work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an is vavm50 7l;s zv*qw*zes7: esgothermal process is -400 J. What izz5*:sqw*v eg7;lv0a s sev m7s the change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the chanrckz p2 pfqe:rp4 bl3nfuk:*/c / z-w/ge in internal energy of tkqwlz/b 3*z- 4:p enfcf /2crkup/:prhe gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatci2.k3 6bdbv2mku* 0eo w xap:6r8pm tic process while doing 25 J of work. What is th2t 8wmb2pmk:*6 6o xb ud.r c0ka3ipeve change in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal en4h(dytlc) - ,,lo je brtm+*anergy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the work cnt,h+m-,jlr(to al )y* 4ebd done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 013r.3qfj dmep gz5f q50 J. What is the heat excr05.ef3 pmqf1jq3 g zdhange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of aq h*oamnwyn: b0 bu/ 1osf3fcz3d*0j 4 monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gjdbm na h4sf1q0/b*y*ou0o3w:nz 3fcas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J95 :- nk gqy m:c*b4t+q) wt2xhvujsqk of energy is removed from it. How many moles * xc-q )9jyb:gm whnt5us4+2tkk qv:qof gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wateq8c; bw5 om 2zd8j6pxwr at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is q6h*2jx/ar gdv5l w;pthe efficiendwpvaxh2gj*56;q / lrcy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 Jg6n jg4 ;kun4p of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in eachnpgjk 6 4;ng4u cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 Jtpg4g 8, rz8sh of heat per cycle. How much heat gp 8 tzh48,gsrdoes it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each qypjz72 a s-cxaw7 nb q.m5(e+cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficieq5b72ajc x. wmq-nza e7+ps(yncy of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calcor zp3 z)x3r+yulate the work done each 33xpyz)z ro+r cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characterisk*2z2asi mvkm m sr-6:ld;dl 8tics: combustion chambi-lv2k;ad k6ms z*:2dmrs8m l er temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines builx.f k :8il rgtib2 jbqe0z5/2yt so far has the following characteristics: combust/zy b:.2ikb8e 5x2rtjqfi0g lion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built src1b2) ;cx 6r+lrbpfgo far has the following characteristics: combustion chbbc61;gxc) r p2rfl+r amber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generay .g/7fgwx8xn tes 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generatek,;q, a jt 5s ov.ff17e:dlldts 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power(c5n9xbsm m 7j. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine whic mrr2b tewwiu ;k*js,g( ::x,ch operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for nzgs,k, 0b3-oi-hwdlan engine operating betweeow-3,hz0k ,gnldbs-i n $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a 4(c5uy 30w38*rb pncrlwv dxoCarnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the w3wn3lbp uoc8 x (5v*0yc r4rdhot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating between r -0r 1xnycfu4za94 vnn9b 9ik$40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at theb,ed1-s o quwntk+isao-28z6 rate of 20 kJ a,u2s1i b-to6kod-s wna+qz8 end ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 k 7lg yxj5i-;jnz:vm3kc kbt19J and ejects 2:; k jgyjlb 1-x7kz59imc vtn34 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operati+n m m -n30u3ktf1z1zvgauu m,on, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is requimk, n nzvum-1u a ugtf103m+z3red in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g ofg6qu 9jr1svsd.j/s5 r ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change qjy+w nqpi )).in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at St z)jlbz+9n0zld;(ci TP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy change9(z b)zll+0itz;djc ns by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at 4-,vfxo*eu or $80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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