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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autoconfig.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autoconfig.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V gra5. 5gms nl,8sy/zg ofwt24xzqph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no cl lr(kt+b; 2 gje+p/mvhange in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyna ixmhh7 c2vwx6)81zc bpv2r 4d-ba) jxmics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in8d,a *x . i;b5gpyde8;r/w 7 beftxb3b crccd- its temperature. b-.8r*y8ct x wcrabde,c3 e;5;if7bd/bgpdx This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compresse4 x2dvzbiyt .phoy8l -7zt (tp(q ev34d isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that comhx23qzzop4t-td8yvtyp47b(v l .ie ( pressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compre t7vh46ewo ,eessed to one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of the g7e to,4weve6 has

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermall3dk4e+ rgaa x:y from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expander ak 4+3xa:gded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the event, t/ry+g+vm yv5v he gas exchanged no heat with gy +my+/vvv5rits surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of;nyt*3h2 bzz -k ((lsk n7kkdf thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half i012wq avus.9f l kx/,te 5dfikts original volume during an adiabatic process. The fixa2t ku9d5siwf klfve1,. 0/qnal pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one containsc5iht quazkmekda-9 8c:)8srl68t +guc:6 md 8lz 58e+g-) acrkhisqt8akt9 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one co3za uorw-j/ld:4 i4 2og 5jtjcntainsgj5:iuc/ 2aoj3rt4-4 wdj olz $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV dibu8)ik1whg) iagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no ctm z sn0+ctjek )r)+.lhange in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamiiqbg/z8r ;e1y*uc3i5zce8g k cs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure asjzj5k+fup3cuues7*sr(1vi( lc 11ke heat is added to it. This procepj+5j rki1cuk7sfe13zv (( u1 *ulscess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are tr/ //l: kuzo3sj5n.vl wr 5pjwransferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressuu35:5/r/o p k jw wlj/nls.rzvre. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV f3a+0y:fo( ruajk ut d-g g*+zdiagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there6(,)a 8g:t zpbl/msfk awq j1m is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamiy3lwkkakb; ( q*b) k5ics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container th)8qq0h bp/q jafm ky2-xg8u:jat cannot expand as heat energy is added to itm-pjqbq:gkjay xf 2 )h u80q8/. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferri q9eaa7wgo 2-xyzm 7e2d,, afed to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a re azx w,-2q9m efg7ae,7o2idyasult, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of p6o;wx7-frvg ,22*de +9bmn czvuyejthermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transferzsso.i q*n4kq:wl:ni4 z 2h x. heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?flver. : td,+j

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermod5qpo(2 0+ wom8hm iwohynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle il4)b4gt pgofu hd+w8jssd4u1ou 06- yilustrated here. During one cycle, how much work i-uu 0u wtgo fgd)4d b6hspo4y8+j4is1s done by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined s e/ntq+g3x zr91smn-as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot *r2-mdl.m 3q msao t4kengine is to be 100%, the heat sink mustm2oms r4lm.d*k3a q-t be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consisd,a:5a8zr j) vg)fs jyts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement ok eg; 5lqx(hs 9mvklu vr/8 3nvw472spf the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigeratig *;ik) ph 79tc6akx3tj9mr ior is defined as the ratio of; i9xg 97t)3*cikaki6rjphtm

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a he ha+z:fzeeqh f(n88 ,xat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, th-au,fc c 6s6zde entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that may oczj p /-0fh9gpmcur within an isolatm-fjp 9ph/g0zed system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law o9qxkckg zdj4189 2hgu f thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermo/*f;w7jw v:wbgev(w bdynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from pbc6v;a.a;k xuf ms:e5,x t7 yan ideal gas. What is the change in internal energyk, bx.;upm ;sa vt67c :af5xey?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 )kx;zn y1g+h8 f+7u vg8xk vwwJ of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is t)xh g; kfkg+nyvxvww7+ 8uz18 he work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an ia yyrymix9y6.a s/(pe1b;)5 d /fnbxhsothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in inta(m i6 ypry/e /b1d;nf sx9y a.5xybh)ernal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiaby-gkjx62gwwe8 4w f:vrw w1 8hatically. What is the change in internal energy of the gas 48w:ww2rwkfhg v y-6egjwx81?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes ayf)di7 lp/t;fm)9;uxg tva e ;n adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in internal energy;ifef y ;a)xpmvutlgt)7/ d9;?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal enm 108yufz2lxxnh*,bt ergy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the wou,0bxhz 21nm*x ft yl8rk done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, s-b))ilp: kzdbk7-y c the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exchl)k-- b:bkziyspc d)7 ange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintainedmpeo,.t4x7 vs at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feav ,optmxs4e.7t is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled7xmyeo4 *mo uc + wxd+:i4:lem by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the sampluo+mixdw4m4x ec: 7+*:eomyle?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg ofk7nktnjq *f;t +2 ugz( water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycox w0-u)xf20o/ kgh vnle. What is t20 ou k0-xf/o) gnxvhwhe efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycles 3p) zm13bcpr. How)3 bz 3smppc1r much work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and rmp:v;h . e*sieeceives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat doeshesp*e m;v :.i it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal uc8h85b8ijq0y gb2qc of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency obh 8cubg8qi25 yjcq08f each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhanc8)vv+rzo v 8usts 42 kcal. Calculate the wo88zn+v rov) vcrk done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charactm)lp pw4l 4;mgeristics44 wpgplm lm);: combustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient enginenr -;lq xj84ydtghjl( *h1r-ts built so far has the following characteristics: combustion cr thryq;xhn-g8-jl d1 *l4j( thamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engineo co twm0j:6;qs built so far has the following characteristics: oqo;:w6jtm 0 ccombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gu+ dt9dygj)p( y8lns .0zd4q6alcdy,enerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of ela cgf./y:r/fh,0vwestkp i(- ectric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The o o*z+( gpli: r-,c nbo;q+ctrplant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which oc+1 gkcx82 e 5fg2 u)1pnefbiuperates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operaj0zsc0 2mihq4a, vzf t+(7yf 0nawc:y ting betwe(hqc:n2z ft ,70iwyz0m 4y+0fca vasjen $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. Whc6 * 8h2phtt4 olysla8at is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature lal6488*ohy2pttch sof the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwzw+dyvc,c.0r fn 6 8lieen $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate1,2nff .gbrtweh2 j o bxal()5 of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cyclff )1e.wb5anx2( lhg t2o ,bjre. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing g4cy-yhnll3v-x fmji+/nsx*:/w 3fdcompartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of perlil+ vm 4yg js3 w--/xnf*y/chxn:df 3formance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation,v4, rcudp;yp. a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much wp 4.cvp ud;y,rork input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt8k/17:smjxluutip5eoch5 m * at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the 8 v2aqq/4brx a( ,ibos8gig-;csy)lrs z81p pchange in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expanso+, 9cyagij (cion and its entropy chang 9ga,+cj(c ioyes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at k obh/s+soiw:t/f j 5xk ;(e(w$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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