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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autoconfig.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autoconfig.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is :1/ sskta:.q.myf- ymfsm v.4uv 6aoyan


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal proc kqx9o vui1k)u7gu1y3ess, there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyna8+mh .o d-j: aqletol8mics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with 44o2u .wafzy;-9 ix:b zfckkrno change in its temperature. This prowbc;u yxfof2 4zzikar k4.9 -:cess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. (69qmk grmus)During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of 9ksm(gr m) qu6internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an ipqhlbmp6h5*m qp p02)fh 9 c-esothermal procq)e -mphp*2 hpmpb05h6lcq9fess. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this proces xyh7crgarq6 n6zx ; 9+ub+:kus, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that ekg9 b+ uy:aur ;x7n 6hzqxr+c6xpanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During t g blqdh1-45;ks il+pche event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This proh;-cd gqi lks4lb+15pcess is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thew p0 mi)e*qav(rmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during ana lfix/ 5e 08)8rgjzyocsn7y7 adiabatic process. The final pressuryj 8xgf50 a s/nr)o 8ez7yc7ile of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except th b-khrc u5*tk2at one contains uh c2bkt*-k5r $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one containl dpn/-wz,9lin ; t*qfs/lwf nlz ,dn-q;*itp9 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV ddar ;r44pjq9dvzuc ,1iagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, th*uw4anr5w jw13t7xmc5 rrj d; ere is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamqk uv62a7+ cgrics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at1o2qsw:u cufn)/i+wz constant pressure as heat is added to it. This process z/ucfwn q+w:i )uo12s is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are tranf3gvbibz 98- wpma16(ype4xlt/ v/fzsferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressur3 t1( vy xbzw zlp8 bap/eg69fifv4-/me. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the lg2zo 2v v) pf jy+7)uho/o9mq7/nrfzc0e0 hzPV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is n r e,e:i(9pze 9ddjhn6o change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,6 +p(gldl3fbg $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that 0.yjzpqj 5b8 ncannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This processzjj. nyqb58p 0 is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are 79nd4 jn:phzbtransferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the dz 4b p:n7jnh9internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of t, gxodo,9ih75nc s g qow6+3sjhermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold re5 q2a.sas lbv-servoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservo hi-*m9 fuiica*ak6p k 0:fe3gdn3 2dpir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to h;9 bg (cu9 +xbrrk-mbClausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through theyk9/r 5twxdo /e)uw+ p cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work udp5rw w)e 9x/otky /+is done by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a hean 19kutxeq )5l)- uotnt engine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engini(b2-frd,0 t ybbn pa5)3 -k*oxjel mxe is to be 100%, the heat sink mus *mf)0-na-b2b,i x5te(jblpo3kydrx t be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consist(lr); nv+z iams of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law :gv:b dxo:mzlnar)9 1wgb,;oof thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined f7 c9*wv0evum/ k5 hzzp 5p-xras the ratio ofr5/v-f v ux k7 *zempp0wz5h9c

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat put vm pnuy3mlwa5 0 id-l.mldo )mw+609mp is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of .cky w b(tm2a7c d2 x *pu5o45uyfofo/the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process thake-ge9 drq9.w)mu)+wu mb:ygt may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices aerww+)g )gb- meku.q :99uydmpplies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodynamics.rw vcos;inb;de86 ;za1(xi0cm* s1 q (ffok7 w
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to w-lk h:g8 p-3/l k kdrdyk8pj0conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat :.wkhm + y/g+m(/ a 4rm kxchl)hgj7upis removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in intkmcja+)4h.(wm7h u pl ky/+:r gxgmh/ernal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed fr7(xg9 hbed4 . eyyeks;om an ideal gas. What is the work done4.k9sed7y;ybehe (x g in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process g*,fgi;18c j, e.ov q ppxijn;is -400 J. What is the change in internal eneo1i*ixe ,;nj;q.gj 8,pgpvf crgy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a v) ,s;. vxoyb1zly4bf( t ooai7.txb ,gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy of bo4,al)1zvy . ,bsy;7 fo xoxitb(.vtthe gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic fq.aksu:p 94eprocess while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in internal energ.a:fe4p uq k9sy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy7x1qgih 0rwa9 of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the work da ri9g07w1x qhone?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal enegm.vskpb 1-5 mrgy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is thek m.sbp 1g5v-m heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constany rl .o;)rlz(tt volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat rz(l lryo.)t; is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume whe2:cj2 nqm ,yq2 n:luijn 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles o:l2mucyqj ,iqj2n n2:f gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of or0 re4,e5mhhp m k)b1water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000bv;s 2wxrlhjq); -:ey 1(5dpk g,bkh m J in each cycle. What is the ej:)bys12d;hg (,kq-5 h bwlex prv ;kmfficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% nl7tlgo f2;k p:4e6shand receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work ke :lps6n72o;f4lgh tdoes it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficien+u; y ayuq5 9ncxfv x j7,ha82nyg7qd4cy of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exha7y5ynxyav;d9h4 ,nc fx28g7 ajq uu+q ust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of hea1;yk -h v zxjs12tg5mvt each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the eth;gv 1msk1 zv25 -jyxfficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64zsc+;zs 55f2q s1y7f bfrdh: v kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate :z55dbyf2hrqs ;zf 1 fc7 s+svthe work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the +9yt;l -vm)wau)g 8mmwlr at5following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature =l ;mtw-g awm t8uy5lm+a9v) r) $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built spu4 t ( s9b.w/ 7skkkd/okj*nqo far has the following characteristics: comb*tn.wpb9okdj/qk/ss 4ku 7k( ustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far h)ko9fo gu)61 +a ngqz90qd,eb 4wtdfoas the following characteristics: combustion chamber teqn910t9fzd4wqfuo))o , 6a g ek ob+dgmperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plankbjogk )( ,uk1t uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of elec.chltml+s1uku 8gsy1;h1( bf tric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pla42/usibiog:q i/e(*xi cx9u ,9bi l gdnt uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates between1d ke gc 2w-p)q3cw 5)6*jb cxr.hfaox $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an cggl1 extggt,*5 z0jrts8c7- engine operating between,gcsgt 0 z g 5rjl18-t7gext*c $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.lr;8u e85t jd57tcpqe0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot rt8ee7t urjcl q;d85p5eservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating gi mn3a.zf8 )cbetween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rat:dx,v,pm dki,su5f ,ie of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. Ho,p i,,5 :dmx s,fkudviw much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at al*rxyi ll+fwyjluhu8e u9.9-(* rs 5the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJxhryuer99( w u * ja8ll *.-lfu5lisy+ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation,pyyd m4)+,d,cer wkj,qif-n5 a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. d,+rqmc4)w5d nyp y-eij f,k,How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt atas aoh0-s;s7g $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, tmo /cbx ipmlv-k wg+6u/2q .h)he change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas dz8byixy 1,dv(8nxdu+x 2xx1at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changd1yxv z+d y(xbdi nxx18x28u, es by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at dru+j4y:o c 8y$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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